Breeders are more demanding than commercial chickens throughout the rearing period, especially at 18 to 36 weeks of age, from the time of opening to the peak of egg production, which is the most critical period for their growth, development and production. The body is in a physiological turning stage. The strict and meticulous requirements for its husbandry and management are of great significance to the timely opening of the flock, the rapid rise to the peak of egg production and the maintenance of a longer period of time, and the maintenance of a high fertility rate.
From the beginning of production to the peak period of egg production, if excessive feed restriction affects the development of the reproductive system, the nutrient reserve is insufficient, and the breeder breeds with malnutrition. If the restriction of feeding is out of control, the breeder tends to be over-fertilized; if the amount of feed does not keep up after the start of production, The rate of egg production or the peak material lags behind, resulting in an increase in the number of small eggs at the time of first production. The rate of egg production climbs slowly and drops rapidly, and the fertility rate also rapidly declines; the breeder flock is sometimes too late to transfer due to insufficient fields. Uneven feeding affects the evenness of the flock, and when the birds are transferred after 21 weeks of age, the weight of the fowls will be reduced due to the stress of mass transfer and the development of the ovary will be hindered. Therefore, we must do a good job in this transition period of feeding and management to avoid falling into the breeding mistakes.
Science transfer group
Back-up chickens need to be transferred around the age of 18 weeks. They must develop a correct flocks circulation plan and prepare chicken hen houses to accommodate them. At this time, the reserve chicken is unstable due to its own physiological changes, and it is easy to induce severe stress reactions during the transition, and antibiotics, multidimensional anti-stress drugs should be used before transfer. When the chickens are basketed, they can be weighed and then divided into three groups: large, medium and small.
Weight control
Before the start of production, due to the growth of the chicken body, the development of the reproductive system, and the need to store some of the nutrients during the breeding season, the body weight gain of chickens became greater. For example, in the middle and early period, the chickens in the pre-reserve have better restriction, and the body weight falls below the standard lower limit. The evenness is above 85%. When the weight control reaches the upper limit by 20 weeks, the production performance is better, which can exceed the production index provided by the breeding company. For example, after the start of production, the egg production rate can exceed 3% to 6%. It is important for reserve chickens to have adequate fat accumulation due to the need for nutrient reserves. However, due to their extremely strong accumulation capacity and propensity for over-fertilization, this "slightly heavier" scale needs to be well grasped and the weight gain of chickens should be controlled in a coordinated manner. At this time, there are individual differences in body weight. If it is due to the size of its own skeleton, it cannot suppress the growth of overweight chickens, nor can it increase the growth rate of overweight chickens as quickly as fattening broilers. It should be followed. Self-development requires the control of body weight. During the laying period, the increase of chicken body weight is important, and it is necessary to ensure that the body weight does not decrease. This is especially important for the peak period of egg production in chickens.
Feed adjustment
Replace egg production
When the flock enters the preproduction period, it needs to be replaced with egg production. Crude protein in the egg production is 16% to 17%, and the metabolic energy per kilogram of material is 11.50 to 11.72 MJ, the calcium is 3% to 3.2%, and the available phosphorus is 0.45%. In addition, when the temperature of the environment changes, the feed intake of chickens changes inversely, usually at 1%, and the average feed intake differs by 0.5%. The daily intake of chickens increases or decreases accordingly. In summer, the feed intake of chickens is reduced, and the dietary nutrient concentration at this time is correspondingly increased or decreased compared with the daily intake of other chickens. During the summer, the intake of chickens decreased, and the dietary nutrient concentration at this time was higher than in other seasons.
Determine the amount of feed
In order to maintain the coordinating weight gain of the chicken body, the amount of feed can be determined after the weekends have been weighed, depending on the weight gain of the chicken and the feed plan. If there are separate groups, they should be weighed separately according to the proportion of the sample, and the different amount of feed should be given accordingly. When actual feeding, slightly increase the range of lighter chickens, and heavier chickens because of the larger amount of material required to maintain the medium-weight increase range, so as to achieve the purpose of moderate weight control. In general, each chicken has a daily feed of 3 to 5 grams before the start of production, and each chicken has a daily feed of 10 grams or less at the time of opening, and no more than 5 grams per chicken at the peak of production. When the egg production rate is increasing by more than 2%, and it reaches 40%, it will be fed with high-level feeds. If the egg production rate increases rapidly, it can be decomposed into 2 or 3 times when the chicken feed rate exceeds 10 grams. Add material.
Lighting management
Illumination time is determined according to the mechanism of illumination on the chicken. The general light intensity is 3 watts per square meter, and when the light hours are in the time zone sensitive to light (ie, 11 to 16 hours after light is applied), the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland is stimulated, follicle development is promoted, and egg production is increased. Needs. When the light is actually given, the open chickens must determine the time of light fill according to the current sunshine time in the local area. Generally, the first round of adjustment is made four weeks before the start of production. If there is insufficient sunlight, the light can be filled for one hour and then The week is increased by 0.5 to 1 hour until the egg production peak reaches 17 hours before the peak, after which the guarantee is not reduced.
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