At present, persimmon cultivation in China mainly promotes Yangfeng, early autumn and other persimmon varieties, which are of good quality, high nutritional value and economic value, and easy to manage. The production of persimmons generally adopts grafting. After grafting, the characteristics of the fine varieties can be maintained and the results can be improved.
First, stock selection
Persimmon rootstocks are mainly relics, wild persimmons, or cultivated persimmons. In general, seedlings can be sown and stocked or persimmon trees with poor results can be used as rootstocks.
Second, scion acquisition
The scions that are grafted on the branches can be collected after defoliation and before germination. To adopt an annual development branch or resulting mother branch with a fully developed canopy, and put it in a cold room or moist sand collection, it is necessary to ensure the temperature and humidity of the scion during storage.
Sprouts used in grafting, spring and summer grafting should be collected in the growth of thick one-year buds in the lower part of the germination of buds for budding, followed by picking, can not be stored for a long time. If necessary, scion can be inserted in the water and can be placed for 1 to 2 days.
Third, grafting
1. Grafting period
Branches should be made when rootstock sap flows, buds have germinated, and the scions are in dormancy (North usually mid-April). The suitable time for budding is that the rootstock and scion are peeled and the buds are filled in real time.
2. Grafting method
There are two methods: branching and budding. The branches are connected by splicing, cutting, and abdominal connection; the buds are connected by buds, and then "work" shaped buds. Branch grafts should be wax sealed.
3. Management after grafting
10 to 15 days after grafting, check the survival situation and make timely supplements. Afterwards, loosen and untie the knots, cut the anvils, wipe buds to eliminate sprouting, erect pillars, soil and fertilizer management, pest control, etc., and cultivate robust seedlings.
Fourth, nursery stock
Before the emergence of seedlings should be fully watered, supplement the seedlings moisture; after the seedlings are ready to do rooting, grading, tying, moisturizing, packaging and other work. After the seedlings are raised, the seedlings can not be immediately shipped or planted.
V. Planting
According to the business direction, market supply and demand, local natural conditions, cultivation habits, and the characteristics of the variety of comprehensive considerations, determine the main cultivars. For the development of sweet persimmon varieties, attention should be paid to the allocation of pollination trees, which accounts for about 10% of the total. The planting density is based on hill plots in persimmon gardens with a row spacing of 2 to 3 meters, 4 to 5 meters, and a flattering persimmon garden with higher fertility is suitable for row spacing of 3 to 4 meters, 5 to 6 meters.
Persimmon trees are usually planted in autumn (before and after falling leaves) or planted in spring (from January to March). In North China, persimmon seedlings are easier to plant when the aerial buds are enlarged (ie, in the bud stage). In areas that are not too cold in winter, it is better to use autumn plants, but you must do a good job of preventing the cold.
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