In recent years, pig foot and mouth disease has frequently erupted in pigs, causing serious losses to many farmers. So what is pig foot and mouth disease? How do we prevent pig foot and mouth disease? Today, Xiaobian will tell you more about the details of pig foot and mouth disease.
1 What is pig foot and mouth disease?
Foot-and-mouth disease is an acute, hot, and highly contagious disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus. It spreads quickly and has a wide range of epidemics. Blisters and ulcers occur in the skin of adult animals such as oral mucosa, hooves and breasts. Age-old animals often die from acute myocarditis and hemorrhagic enteritis.
2 What are the conditions for the occurrence of foot and mouth disease in pigs?
In general, three conditions are required to constitute the occurrence of foot-and-mouth disease in pigs: one is the source of infection; the other is the medium of transmission; the third is the susceptible pig. The following is mainly introduced from its source of infection and susceptibility.
3 What are the clinical symptoms of foot and mouth disease in pigs?
Infected pigs with foot-and-mouth disease, the early stage of the disease manifested as apathetic, elevated body temperature, even up to 41 °C, loss of appetite, accompanied by symptoms such as salivation and lameness. At the same time, redness and swelling occur in the hairless part of the pig's body, such as the mouth, nose, lips, hooves and breasts. In severe cases, blisters and plaques may appear, and the blister may form ulcers and scars after rupture. This is the specific performance of pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease. If the treatment is not timely or inappropriate, it can easily lead to the death of pigs. It is also a disease with high mortality in pig diseases, and it is easy to be infected if it is improperly controlled.
4 What are the susceptibility pathways for pigs?
Foot-and-mouth disease virus can infect susceptible pigs through inhalation, ingestion, trauma and artificial insemination. In general, the main routes of infection are inhalation and ingestion, inhalation of major air and infections at close range. Ingestion may occur during the process of eating and drinking pigs together. In addition, the spread of foot-and-mouth disease may also be transmitted through embryo transfer, skin trauma and artificial insemination.
5 What are the epidemiological characteristics of pig foot and mouth disease?
The disease occurs frequently in winter and spring. Sick pigs and poisoned pigs are the main source of infection. They are transmitted through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, mucous membrane, conjunctiva, nipple, damaged skin and mating. Wild animals such as rodents and birds and the air can also spread the virus, which is highly contagious. In general, piglets have high susceptibility and death, and sometimes people can get infected. There is a certain periodicity in the epidemic, which is mainly related to the immune status of animals, and is generally popular once every two or three or five years.
6 What are the preventive measures for pig foot and mouth disease?
6.1 The use of antibiotics and antiviral drugs combined with good feeding management can enhance the body's immunity, resist the invasion of foot-and-mouth virus and bacteria, and effectively control secondary infections.
6.2 Prevention Strengthen the management of pig herding, reduce the stocking density and reduce stress factors. For areas with serious epidemics, it is necessary to do a good job in vaccination and immunization, and implement a strict sanitation and epidemic prevention system to reduce the chance of introduction of pathogens.
6.3 Do a good job in vaccination. Considering the harmfulness of foot-and-mouth disease virus, it is recommended that farmers should raise their awareness of vaccination and promptly inoculate the swine foot-and-mouth disease vaccine. It is recommended that piglets should be exempted from 40 to 50 days of age, and should be effectively inactivated with porcine O-type foot-and-mouth disease, intramuscular injection of 1 ml; once for 3.5 months of age, intramuscular injection of 2 ml; breeding pigs immunized once every 3 months, intramuscular injection 2 ml; pregnant sows were immunized once a month before delivery, and intramuscularly injected 2 ml. The introduction of breeding or fattening pigs should be vaccinated one week after the introduction of 2 ml per head. Immunity can be produced 14 days after injection, and the immunization period is more than 3 months. It can also be injected into the skin of a sick pig with serum or high serum-free points of the pig after 2 to 3 weeks of healing. The protective power can last for about 10 days.
7 Treatment plan for pig foot and mouth disease
For pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease, the mouth can be cleaned with water or vinegar. Some farmers also use potassium permanganate, but it is necessary to control the concentration. Generally, 0.1% potassium permanganate is suitable. For the erosion surface of the mouth, it is recommended to use alum or glycerin. The hoof is recommended to use soda water to clean the affected area. After cleaning, apply a proper amount of turpentine oil. The hoof should be especially tied with a bandage to avoid infection due to pedaling or other external environment. Secondary damage. The breasts can be washed with soapy water or 2% to 3% boric acid, then erythromycin ointment, and the milk is regularly squeezed out to prevent mastitis. Intravenous injection of glucose and penicillin, Qingkailing, Anaga and other cardiotonic agents.
The above are the symptoms and prevention measures of pig foot and mouth disease. The frequency of swine foot and mouth disease in spring and winter is relatively high. At the moment, it is in the spring, everyone pays attention to preventive measures and finds abnormal phenomena in time for treatment.
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