Kidney bean rust is one of the common diseases on cowpea. It occurs in the middle and late stages of the cowpea's growth, and it mainly damages the cultivation of cowpea.
Symptoms of damage: The main harm to the leaves, in serious cases also harm the stems and pods. The yellow-white small spots of the green needles that were plagued by the leaves of the victims were damaged. The small spots gradually expanded and turned brown, and they were raised to a nearly round yellow-brown small freckle. The protrusions in the middle of the later lesions were dark brown (ie, the uredia spores). There are often yellow halos around and a "green island" forms. After the epidermis ruptures, a large amount of rust brown powder (summer spores) is scattered; stems and pods become infected and produce dark brown highlights. When the disease is severe, the old and new uredia spores clusters form an oval or irregular rust-brown spot that connects to each other and causes the leaves to fall off. When the weather gradually turns cold after autumn, the lesions develop into oval or irregular brownish brown patches (the teliospores heap) in the middle and later stages of cowpea's growth. After the epidermis ruptures, dark brown powder is emitted.
Pathogens and epidemic patterns: The pathogen prefers a warm and humid environment. The most suitable climatic conditions for the onset of illness are temperatures of 23 to 27°C and a relative humidity of 95% or more. Kidney bean disease during the period of flowering and fruiting to middle and late harvest. Many years of continuous cropping, low-lying vegetable fields, poor drainage, and crops that are too densely planted or plant lengthy and poorly ventilated and light-transmitting are more serious;
? Prevention and technical points
? 1. Passage rotation: a reasonable layout, and non-legume crop rotation.
2, clean garden: timely pruning, after the harvest to remove the sick and deep plowing the soil.
? 3, to strengthen management: a reasonable close planting, to avoid planting too dense, plant leggy; scientific fertilization, and more decomposed high quality organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, promote healthy growth of plants; sorghum cultivation, open drainage ditch, after the rain in time Drainage; timely removal of diseased leaves.
? 4, the chemical control: In the early stages of onset of spraying protection, depending on the condition, spray every 7 to 10 days 1, even spray 2 to 3 times. The agent can be used 1500 times for 20% triadimefon WP, 2500 times for 25% difenoconazole EC, or 2500 times for 12.5% ​​diniconazole WP.
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