1 advantages of the cultivation technology
1.1 anti-mite and moisturizing
Morchella is basically the same as other edible fungi and is sensitive to the moisture content of the base material. Usually, the cultivation of morel is done in the field, and half of the time it takes to produce the bacteria. Soil moisture at this stage will have a great impact on the growth of mycelium, and the quality of the bacteria will have a great impact on the final yield. In our country, the germination time in many areas is concentrated in the autumn and winter. At this stage, the precipitation is relatively small. In the northern regions, there are often strong winds, and soil erosion is likely to occur, which will have a great impact on the development of mycelium. In the south of the Yangtze River, rainfall is relatively abundant. In some places, it is often rainy and rainy. Soil moisture is relatively high. The oxygen content of the soil is seriously deficient. The normal development of mycelium is greatly affected, and even the presence of bacteria decays. Case. The use of large fluctuations in the moisture content of the filmed soil can be effectively avoided. Rainwater can flow along the mulch to the ditch. Even a long-term rainfall will not damage the hyphae on the surface.
1.2 Avoid light and reduce weeds
The development of Morchella mycelium does not require any light, and strong light may affect the normal production of hyphae, which is why black shade nets have been used all the time. The morel hyphae will grow rapidly under the dark background and the hyphae will be robust and dense. The current field cultivation, especially in Hubei and Sichuan, is carried out in rice fields. With the arrival of spring, the weeds in Tanaka grow rapidly. When the morel mushrooms come out, many diseases and insect pests are produced in the weeds, affecting the light and ventilation effects, causing abnormal production of morchella, and greatly increasing the difficulty of picking. Overgrown with weeds also leads to high temperatures and high humidity in the small environment, which makes the mortuary bacteria and bacteria harmful. The black mulch will block light and have a great impact on the normal growth of weeds.
1.3 accelerating accumulated temperature
Although there is no scientific data to clarify the shortest accumulated temperature of different types of Morchella, investigations have shown that the cover film can shorten the mushrooming cycle and advance the fruiting process. The reason why the cover film can accumulate temperature is mainly because the film can absorb more sunlight, increase the temperature of the soil, and reduce the loss of soil heat. After measurement, we have realized that the cover film can ensure that the soil temperature increases by 2 to 5 degrees Celsius. The effect of covering the white plastic film is particularly obvious. Then the semi-permeable membrane is used, and the black plastic film is relatively poor. Covering the mulch can help the mycelium grow healthily in autumn and winter at low temperature, ensure the mycelium can develop better, lengthen the production cycle, and shorten the fruiting cycle.
1.4 accelerate mushrooming
Morels, like other strains, need to change the environment in order to achieve the completion of the mushroom. The environmental conditions are mainly moisture, carbon dioxide, temperature, and light. Covering the film can ensure the incubation period of germination, and the temperature difference between day and night is relatively small. If the cover is peeled off, the temperature difference can be increased, so that the hyphae can differentiate into mushrooms. Cover with a layer of black plastic film, long-term mushroom, tear film, strong light stimulation, can promote mycelial differentiation mushroom. In addition, after the film is sealed in the environment, long-term lack of oxygen, after the film is peeled off, the concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen is consistent with the average value of the outside world, and will actively promote the differentiation of mycelium and mushroom.
2 Analysis of Moringella Cultivation Techniques Precautions
Morchella is a very precious ingredient, has a lot of nutritional value, and its conditions during the growth process are also more demanding. In the cultivation process, it requires extra attention.
2.1 do a good job of temperature control
In the cultivation of the morel mulching technique, especially after the mulching, if the awning shed has not been established in time, the temperature of the bacterium bed will rapidly increase under the bright weather, under the action of the white film. The temperature rises faster, which will have a certain effect on the vitreous mycelium viability. Therefore, when using the laminating technique, it is necessary to delay the sowing time of Morchella by about one week according to the normal time, and to build the sunshade in advance. It is better to use a white plastic film with uniform thickness.
2.2 do a good job of ventilation work
Under the action of the coating, the growth environment of the morel is relatively closed. In order to effectively avoid the occurrence of hypoxia, the film will be placed at a distance too high at a distance from the film. However, in the season of the Morchella sowing season, when the rainy weather is relatively high, the uncovering film needs to be considered according to the actual situation. If the rainy weather continues, no film removal is required. When the soil moisture is very suitable, the uncovering work can be completed.
2.3 control the time to remove the film
Under the use of film-covering technology, the cultivation of Morchella spp. is relatively good, but it is very necessary to remove the membrane for ventilation. It is also very important to control the time for removing the membrane. In general, the uncovered film needs to control the first ten to twenty days before the mushroom is harvested. When the film is uncovered, it can also be moisturized and replenished. This also has great benefits for speeding up the mushroom production. If the young mushroom is Underground has been formed, so the time for film removal should be slow, so that it can effectively avoid the emergence of temperature differences, resulting in the premature death of young mushrooms. In practice, a more feasible method is to punch holes in the membrane so that the membrane environment and the membrane environment are relatively close. After three to five days, the membrane can be opened. It should be noted that the humidity needs to be controlled at 85. Between 9 and 95%.
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