First, to promote green germination. Short-term growing herbs are generally planted in the summer, autumn, and winter of the previous year, and they return to green in the early spring of the second year and are harvested in summer or autumn. Although these herbs are relatively hardy, the above-ground parts tend to be frozen and dying in the winter. In the spring, as the temperature and ground temperature continue to rise, medicinal herbs begin to sprout again. This favorable time should be used for irrigation top dressing to help the plants return to green as soon as possible. Dead early germination.
Second, remove the cold cover. Some perennial evergreen medicinal plants such as gardenia, amomum, bergamot, etc., when the soil temperature is 1°C~2°C, the root system begins to grow. In production, when the general temperature is stable at around 5°C, it is necessary to remove the overwintering weatherproof coverings in time, and pick up the floor and other debris. The seedlings and drug seedlings cultivated with thin films must be prepared after uncovering the film.
Third, timely pruning, Li Zhiqing Park. Most woody medicinal materials are perennial trees. For these Chinese herbal medicines, we must seize the timing of initial budding in early spring to trim the branches, so that the whole plant is transparent and ventilated, and topdressing farmyard manure and organic manure. Meanwhile, according to the needs of plants, In that part, targeted trace element fertilizers were added. In this way, the plants can make full use of space, light and fertility, grow well, and increase the flowering and fruit setting rate of the plants.
Fourth, weeding, earth training. After the early spring Qimiao, weeds should be diligently removed, timely cultivating loose soil and raising the temperature. The cultivator should not be deep enough, so as to prevent the soil blocks from sinking. However, roots, roots, and roots of medicinal plants such as Panax notoginseng are distributed on the surface of the soil. Because the planting density is relatively large and the roots are staggered, it is not appropriate to use tools for cultivating, so as not to damage the root system of Panax pseudoginseng. Weeds must be removed manually and the number of weeding will depend on the condition of weeds. When weeds are found on the surface of weeds when weeding, the soil should be cultivated in time and the soil surface should be properly suppressed to ensure the normal growth of the plants.
In recent years, using chemical herbicides has saved labor and money. Before planting, application of 50% paracetamol 150 g or 25% diuron 200-300 g per acre has significant herbicidal effect on 1 to 2 year old weeds. All these herbicides can only prevent the weeding of non-rooted weeds and therefore need to be combined with manual weed control.
Fifth, remove flower buds. The medicinal plants like Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Panax Notoginseng, Radix Ginseng and other roots and rootstocks need to consume a lot of nutrients and reduce the rhizome production of medicinal plants. Removing the flowers can control the growth of nutrients, reduce nutrient consumption, promote fibrous root growth and leaf growth, and increase the accumulation of rhizome material, thereby increasing the yield of rhizomes. Picking buds is a control measure that is beneficial to the high quality and high yield of medicinal materials. In addition to the plan to retain the species, since the second year should be removed immediately after the calyx withdrawal. Since the flowering period is inconsistent, they should be removed in batches in order to promote the conversion of nutrients to underground tubers and increase yield.
Sixth, prevent fruit drop. Some fruit fruits such as Amomum villosum and Ziziphus jujuba will cause fruit drop after pollination, especially about 50% of the young fruit formed at flowering stage and late flowering stage. The main measures to prevent fruit drop are: do a good job in cultivation and management, and cultivate strong seedlings. After flowering, when the young fruit is formed in large quantities, the top dressing will be applied. The use of 3% superphosphate, 0.1% ammonium sulfate in the production of spraying the leaching solution, the effect is better, can improve the fruit setting rate of 15% to 30%, if the first flowering period before spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, blooming after the flowering period Applied calcium phosphate, ammonium sulfate leaching solution, the better. Outside the root dressing is suitable for cloudy or evening, evenly sprayed on the foliage. Spraying 5 to 20 mg/kg of 2,4-D can increase the fruit setting rate by about 40%. During the spraying period, most of the young fruit's diameter is 0.55 to 0.7 cm. If necessary, spray it once every 7 to 10 days. The spraying time is afternoon or cloudy. The amount of spray is the degree of wetness of the young fruit. Spraying should be performed in combination with the top dressing.
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