The green beans are named after the four seasons. The green beans are beans, kidney beans, kidney beans, and lentils. They are one of the common vegetables on the table. They can be fried or cooked with meat, cold salad, and so on. The high-yield planting techniques of green beans are now shared as follows:
First, the growth characteristics
1, temperature
The green beans are also called kidney beans and cowpeas, which were native to South America four hundred years ago. The green beans are warm and afraid of heat and cold. The suitable growth temperature is 15-30 °C. If it exceeds this range, the pods will not be pollinated normally. If it is lower than 3 °C, severe cold damage or even freezing will occur.
2, moisture
Green beans are not strict with sunshine requirements. As long as they meet the requirements of temperature and moisture, they can be planted for several seasons as "Mixed Beans". The green beans have strict requirements on moisture, and they are afraid of drought and drought, especially the high temperature and drought have a great impact on the yield of green beans.
3. Soil
The green beans are not strict in soil requirements but avoid continuous cropping. The requirements for soil nutrients are not high. Potassium and nitrogen are needed, and phosphorus is less. However, phosphorus has a great influence on the yield. Phodder fertilizer must be applied to the green beans.
Second, the plot selection
Choose sand loam or loam with deep soil layer, rich organic matter, loose and fertile, well drained, ph6-7. The elevation is 700-1000 meters in the Chaoyang block. The temperature difference between day and night is conducive to the growth of green beans, and the picking period is more than 70 days.
Third, soil preparation and fertilization
1. Site preparation
Deeply ploughing the land, fine soil, deep ditch and high sorghum, even the width of the ditch: 1.5 meters for paddy fields, 1.4 meters for dry land, and about 1 meter wide for kneading.
2, fertilization
The base fertilizer is usually applied with 50-75 kg of lime and then ploughed for hoeing. In the middle of the shovel, 1500-2000 kg of fertilizer per mu is applied, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, 1 kg of borax, and 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate per acre before sowing. .
Fourth, disinfection sowing
Use large, full, disease-free seeds, and disinfect with 50% carbendazim seed with 0.4% seed before sowing. If the soil is dry, the surface should be poured with water before planting. 65-70 cm, the hole distance is 25-30 cm, 3-4 seeds per hole, and the amount of seed used is 2 - 2.5 kg. At the same time, the "preserved seedlings" should be used for transplanting seedlings.
After sowing, we should adopt methods such as covering grass trees, watering and drought resistance to ensure that the whole seedlings, strong seedlings and healthy seedlings lay the foundation for high yield of green beans.
V. Field management
1. Miao Miao Miao
7 to 10 days after sowing, it is necessary to check the seedlings and make up the seedlings, and generally work 2 seedlings per hole.
2, cultivating and weeding
The first weeding was carried out 10 days after sowing, and the second time before climbing the vines, this time we had to cultivate the gully soil to cultivate the base of the stem of the plant to promote the occurrence of adventitious roots. The cultivating should be shallow so as not to damage the root system.
3, promote strong seedlings
When the seedlings have 2 long leaves, spray 900 times of natural brassinolide to promote the healthy growth of the seedlings.
4, scaffolding grass
In the time before the vines, use a 2.5-meter long bamboo stick to build a herringbone frame. When the vines are put on the shelves, they are covered with grass to help cool down.
5, fertilizer management
According to the physiological characteristics of the green beans, it is necessary to apply the base fertilizer, apply less flower-seeding fertilizer, and re-apply the pod fertilizer. The pod fertilizer is generally applied 2-3 times, and 10-15 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu. The external top dressing can be combined with pest control. 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added to the liquid and 10 grams of molybdenum fertilizer is added to each backpack liquid to spray the pod to increase the pod rate for high yield.
Sixth, pest control
1. Insect pests mainly include bean wild mites and aphids. In the early flowering stage, the control of the bean wild scorpion can be used with 48% of the 5% gram of the gram of the sea, or 5 grams of the chlorhexidine, or with the phoxim 25 grams of the enemy to kill 6 ml of water and 15 kg of spray.
During the pod-forming period, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides, bt bio-pesticide, 50 g, and enemy-killing 6 ml, and 15 kg of water, can be used for prevention and control with 45-60 kg of liquid per acre.
The prevention and treatment method should be done before 8 o'clock in the morning or in the evening, and the principle of treating the infective pods should be mastered. The aphid control can be sprayed with 10% of the net 2000 times liquid or 20% of the good winter 2000 times liquid pesticide.
2. The main diseases are rust, anthracnose, bacterial disease and root rot. Rust can be sprayed with 20% triadimefon 1000 times solution or 50% carbendazim 800 times solution; anthracnose can be sprayed with 75% chlorothalonil 800 times solution;
Bacterial diseases can be sprayed with 72% agricultural streptomycin or neomycin oxacin 3000 times solution. Root rot can be washed with 70% dixon 500 times solution or 70% to kill 500 times liquid.
Seven, timely harvest
The beans that are eaten as tender pods can be harvested about 8-10 days after flowering. They should be harvested once a day, which can ensure the quality and commerciality of the pods, and reduce the excessive consumption of nutrients in the plants. Pods, thereby increasing the rate of sitting pods and commodities.
The green bean pods contain 6% protein, 10% fiber and 1 to 3% sugar. Dry bean granules contain about 22.5% protein and 59.6% starch. It is a healthy green food. At the same time, green beans can be grown and sold all year round. The planting efficiency is high!
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