Seedling deficiency
After emergence of maize or survival of transplanting, seedlings should be checked immediately to make up for seedlings. Maize seedlings are generally not recommended for replanting and 3 seedlings (acupoints) are below. In the absence of seedlings on one or both sides, two plants can be left. However, if more than 3 strains (acupoints) are found to be continuously lacking seedlings, they should be used in a timely manner to make up for seedlings. Supplementing the seedlings generally adopts a method of transplanting with soil, which is carried out on rainy days or in sunny afternoons, and is watered in time after planting to shorten the time for seedlings to ensure survival.
Suitable time seedlings, Dingmiao
Usually 3 leaves during the seedlings, 4-5 leaf stage Dingmiao, leaving 1 seed per hole. For heavy land masses where the underground pests occur, one leaf age can be delayed. Dingmiao should be according to the plan density requirements, go sick, weak, hybrid seedlings, leaving strong seedlings. For dwarfing seedlings, dense leafy seedlings, seedlings that have been infested with pests, such as dwarfing and bending, should be completely removed. If there is a shortage of seedlings, two plants can be left in the vicinity of each other. Seedling transplanting, found lack of seedlings, to be timely replant.
Miaomiao, Dingmiao attention can not be too early or too late. Prematurely, the polarization is not obvious, after the Dingmiao will continue to appear diseased plants, weak plants, stubble, etc.; between the seedlings, Dingmiao too late, due to crowded seedlings, roots staggered, competing for fertilizer and water, prone to "miao shortage" to form a weak seedling.
Seedlings and Dingmiao can be carried out on a sunny afternoon. Diseases, insect bites, and poorly growing seedlings are prone to wilting after being exposed to sunlight at noon for easy identification and elimination. Drought-proof, anti-seismic, help seedling unearthed
After sowing, spring corn often meets spring drought. When the soil moisture is lower than 60% of field capacity, timely watering and shallow-middle-cultivation shall be carried out. Summer and autumn corn are prone to heavy rain after sowing and the soil is compacted. The soil should be loosened in time, and the compaction should be removed.
Weeding and weeding
The cultivator can loosen the soil, increase the ground temperature, eliminate weeds, and reduce nutrient consumption and water consumption. During the growing period of maize, it is usually carried out one to three times: once before and after the fixed seedlings, the seedlings are dwarf, and the pressure seedlings, injury seedlings, and cultivator depths are avoided. 5 cm. Before and after the jointing, the second cultivator should be performed. The seedlings should be shallow and the rows should be deep (9-12 cm). The small bell-mouth to large-trumpet stage combines fertilization and soil cultivation for one cultivator. When cultivating, it should be flat, broken, loose, and not hurt seedlings. Sweet and waxy corn are relatively weak, and the timely combination of fertilization can promote plant growth and development. In general, seedling transplanting should be carried out after easing seedlings, and mulching film should be cultivated timely after uncovering the film.
Seedling fertilizer
Seedlings are usually applied after live seedlings (3-5 leaf stage) or 7-10 days after transplanting. Poor site preparation, insufficient basal fertilizer, and weak seedling growth should be followed up with Miao Fei. On the contrary, it may not be pursued or chased. The fertilization method is generally applied by ditching or acupuncture (cultivation by mulching), 10-15 cm away from the plant, 5-10 cm in furrow, and covered with soil to increase fertilizer efficiency. Miaofei should try to avoid spreading the surface without any effective rainfall.
The amount of fertilizer can be determined according to the specific conditions such as soil fertility, yield level, and nutrient content of fertilizer. Generally not more than 15% of the total amount, the main use of urea, ammonium bicarbonate or compound fertilizer can also be poured thin cast manure. If drought occurs during transplanting, 500-1000 kg of manure water can be applied in conjunction with the seedlings.
The cultivating and fertilizing in the seedling stage is especially important for intercropping sweet and waxy corn. After harvesting in advance, timely cultivating and removing stubble in the cultivator and early recovery of the seedlings are beneficial to root-enhancing seedlings. Fertilization to do: catch fertilizer should be light, partial application of seedlings to catch large seedlings, promote weak seedlings become strong seedlings. When using the cultivating top-dressing work equipment, fertilization should pay attention to good inter-row passing performance, no obvious root and shoot injury problems, and injury rate.
Water Management
After sowing, corn should pay attention to water management. The soil is mainly moist, and dry and too wet are not conducive to emergence. Excessive moisture is easy to rot the seeds; lack of moisture, soil cracks, affecting sprouting unearthed.
The seedlings of corn plants are short, have slow growth, consume less water, and have strong drought tolerance. In addition to the lack of ground sluice or drought, it is necessary to water in time. Before sowing the soil moisture is better or after sowing, it is poured over the land that “sets the root waterâ€. Under normal circumstances, no irrigation is needed.
At present, irrigation methods include irrigation, furrow irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. The irrigation and furrow irrigation facilities are simple and easy to implement, but they waste water. Sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation have higher management costs, but they are more efficient than irrigation and furrow irrigation. According to the actual situation to choose one of the ways.
In the south, there are many rains in spring and summer, and in the fall, there are sometimes heavy rains. The water should be drained in time to prevent waterlogging and flooding.
Debridement
Sweet and waxy corn are more likely to produce tillers than ordinary corn, especially in fields where planting density is low and growth is prosperous. Most of the tillers grow from the third and fourth leafhoppers and form lateral plants. They do not produce spikes, but they grow vigorously. They compete with the main stem for nutrients and water and affect the ventilation and light transmission in the field. Generally, they should be removed before the jointing to ensure Nutrition concentrates on supplying the main stem. Some varieties have more tillers and need to be removed 2-3 times. Avoid damage to the main stem and leaves as much as possible during operation. Excerpted from the Handbook of Field Crops for Sweet and Waxy Corn in the South.
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