Rotation of edamame- 芫荽-芫荽 -Artemisia in early spring greenhouse

Stubble Arrangement and Benefit Analysis of Soybean-Ceamonia-Artemisia annua Planting in Early Spring

Early spring fresh edamame seeds are sown in late February and covered with plastic mulch. In early May, fresh pods are harvested and marketed. The yield of early spring edamame is 600-800 kg per 667 m2, and the output value is about 3,500 yuan.æ’­ Sow from late May to early July, harvest once every 35 to 40 days. The output is 400-600 kg per 667 m2, and the output value is 5 400 yuan. Artemisia annua is sown in early September and harvested every 45 to 70 days. The output per 667 m2 is about 1 600 kg, and the output value is 6,000 yuan. The three crops totaled 14,900 yuan per 667 m2, with a net benefit of more than 10,000 yuan. Key points of early spring edamame cultivation techniques

1 Variety selection

Early spring edamame should choose varieties with strong cold resistance, compact plant type, and fresh pod maturity of about 60 days. At present, the main varieties planted in our city are Taiwan 292, Liao Xian No. 1 and Keyuan No. 3.

2 Reasonable dense planting to ensure the whole seedling

Plow the land, apply 1 000 kg of manure and livestock manure, 30 kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer every 667 m2, mix the base fertilizer with the soil with a rotary tiller, rake it down and level it, and make a hoe, 280 cm wide, 畦The ditch is 40 cm wide, and the 6 m wide shed is 2 畦. Multi-line live broadcasting, with a hole spacing of 20 cm and a line spacing of 30 cm, 3 seeds are sown in each hole, covering 2 to 3 cm thick fine soil. Spray 33% Shitian to weed on each surface, lay a layer of mulch, and hold the small arch shed for heat preservation and moisture retention. The film around the greenhouse is fastened tightly and tightened with a film pressing line to avoid being blown by the wind. Before emergence, airtight sheds should be closed, mainly for heat preservation and moisture retention. When seedling cotyledon emerges and begins to turn green, remove the mulch in time. Check the lack of seedlings, timely replanting, and keep the whole seedlings. When the cotyledons are flattened, when the true leaves are extracted, the middle-cultivating loosening soil can increase the ground temperature and facilitate the growth.

3 Temperature and humidity management in the shed

Before the seedlings, the temperature in the shed during the day is controlled at 16-25 ° C. When encountering cold weather, the greenhouse is covered with a straw curtain to cover 3 to 4 layers. During the seedling stage, the temperature during the day should be kept at 20 ~ 25 ℃ to prevent excessive temperature. During the flowering period, the temperature in the shed during the day is maintained at 25-30 ° C, and the night temperature is 18-24 ° C. After mid-March, the temperature is gradually increasing, ventilation should be strengthened, and the greenhouse film is removed in mid-April.

4 Add phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and apply nitrogen fertilizers appropriately

Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer has a significant effect on the yield of edamame. Fertilization is generally not suitable at seedling stage. Nitrogen fertilizer was the most effective at the early flowering stage, with 20 kg of urea per 667 m2. In the pod-setting period, combined with disease control and insect control, 2 000 mg / kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate was applied to the roots twice to promote the pods to be full.

5 Topping promotes early maturity and yield

Topping can inhibit growth, prevent overgrowth, mature early, and increase yield. It is advisable to toast in the early flowering period. The top buds are removed 2 ~ 3 cm, so that nutrients can be fed to the pods to make the seeds full, increase the number of pods, improve the quality of edamame, and increase the yield.

6 Pest and disease control

Early spring edamame diseases and insect pests are relatively light. Seedling stage is prone to rot and catastrophic diseases, and it is controlled by spraying with 3,000 times solution of 30% methasin · moxacillin wettable powder every 667 m2. With the increase of temperature during the growing period, the occurrence of aphids gradually increases, which is prone to induce viral diseases. Can be combined with aphids to prevent virus diseases, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1000 times liquid spray to control aphids.

7 Timely harvesting

The edamame is mainly edible fresh pods, which are generally harvested when the beans are full and the pods are bright green. Or pick according to market conditions, avoid too early or too late, so as not to affect the output and quality of edamame. Key points of cultivation techniques

1 Variety selection

Choose from Thailand's heat-resistant, bolt-resistant large leaf varieties. Such as Jiangsu Zhengda's Yingli parsley, leaf green, leaf margin wave-shaped lobes, petiole green and white, good germination at high temperature, fast growth. Strong aroma, less fiber, and excellent quality. High-temperature season cultivation has obvious advantages and is an ideal variety for off-season cultivation.

2 Site preparation and fertilizer application

Plow the land, apply 1 000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer, 20 kg of 48% ternary compound fertilizer every 667 m2, and mix the base fertilizer with the soil with a rotary tiller to make a hoe. The m-wide shed is made of 2 畦, the rake is thin and level. A layer of shade netting is deducted from the greenhouse membrane.

3 Seed processing

Before soaking seeds to promote germination, crush the fruit and separate the seeds to facilitate germination. Soak the seeds for 6-8 hours and remove them to dry. Wrap it in wet gauze and place it in a seed incubator. Low temperature germination is adopted, and the temperature is controlled at 18-20 ° C. The seeds can be sown after 60% of the seeds are exposed. The day before sowing, water the bottom with water and spread it with fine soil. Use 3-4 kg of seed per 667 m2. Cover the shade net to cool down and moisturize.

4 Field management

After emergence, remove the sunshade net in time. Due to the high temperature in summer and rapid evaporation of water, water was replenished in a timely manner using micro-sprinkler irrigation. Keep the soil moist and not easy to compact to promote growth. Throughout the growing season, apply thin fertilizers frequently, 3 to 4 times.

5 Harvesting

The summer temperature is high, the growth rate is fast, and it is easy to pump, and it should be harvested in time. The seedlings can be harvested and marketed at a height of 15-20 cm, leaving the young seedlings to continue to grow, topdressing once after each harvest.

Essentials of Cultivation Techniques of Artemisia grandifolia

1 Variety selection

Artemisia angustifolia, a high-stalk cultivar of Nantong, was selected. This variety has strong disease resistance, strong stress resistance, good commerciality, and excellent quality. The main edible part is a tender stem with a unique fragrance, which is welcomed by consumers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

2 Site preparation

Plough the land, apply 1,500 kg of rotten organic fertilizer and 30 kg of 48% ternary compound fertilizer every 667 m2, mix the base fertilizer with soil with a rotary tiller, and make a hoe with a hoe width of 290 cm and a ditch width of 20 cm m wide shed made 2 畦. After the harrow is fine and leveled, the bottom water is poured overnight.

3 Sowing

In general, the seeding volume of a 6 m wide greenhouse is controlled at about 500 g, which is appropriately increased or decreased according to the temperature. Spread with fine soil, cover with a layer of mulch to keep it warm, and remove the mulch after the seedlings are planted, and water to keep the soil moist.

4 Field management

After the seedlings of Artemisia annua were unearthed, the standard was to keep the soil moist. Watering 2 to 3 times throughout the growth period. Cultivate in autumn, and cool the shading net in case of high temperature. Overwinter cultivation, using three layers of greenhouse + middle shed + small arch shed. Select sunny weather, open the inner insulation film from 9:00 to 10:00, and cover the inner insulation film after 15:00. Ventilate in time, reduce humidity in the shed, increase light, promote growth, and reduce disease occurrence. Spray 2 000 mg / kg urea solution once every 10 to 15 days before harvest.

5 Pest and disease control

Artemisia annua has unique fragrance and has certain resistance to diseases and insect pests. Unfavorable environmental conditions such as low temperature, high humidity, and insufficient light in the greenhouse for wintering can easily cause the occurrence of Artemisia annua rust and soft rot. It is mainly to prevent the occurrence of diseases through reasonable control of water and ventilation. Just control it.

6 Harvest

When Artemisia annua seedlings are 15-20 cm high, they can be harvested earlier or later depending on the market price. The method of primary harvesting was adopted. The seedlings were pulled up and cut with scissors to remove the tender stems 2 to 3 cm from the roots.

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