Low winter temperatures, snowfall and freezing damage are a serious threat to the production of Chinese herbal medicines. This requires planters to prevent cold and freeze, to avoid or reduce the intrusion of cold air, and to protect plants from cold damage. Therefore, Xiaobian talks about Chinese herbal medicine seeds, herbal medicines, and woody herbs for winter frost and antifreeze technology, as follows.
First, seed treatment
1, indoor preservation
The seeds stored outdoors should be put back indoors in time and placed in a ventilated and dry place. If the amount of seeds is relatively small, they can be wrapped and preserved with gauze; if the amount of seeds is large, the plastic cloth should be laid indoors to pay attention to moisture.
2, drying in time
At noon on a sunny day,
3. Anti-mouse, insect-proof and mildew-proof seeds are moved to an outdoor dry place for ventilation and drying.
If the amount of seeds stored is not large, it can be stored in cement tanks or porcelain tanks, and should be inspected regularly during storage. If you find rodent damage, you can use cats and other natural enemies to control; after finding harmful insects and mildew, use 1 piece of aluminum phosphide per 200 kilograms, and wrap it in a bag and seal it for 7 days.
4, adjust the sowing date
Different Chinese herbal medicines have different cold resistance at different growth and development stages, and generally have weaker cold resistance at seedling stage and flowering stage. Therefore, the sowing period can be appropriately advanced or delayed, so that the seedling stage or flowering period can avoid the danger of low temperature.
Second, herbal medicine
1. Clear snow and strengthen the greenhouse
For the Chinese herbal medicines in the facility (such as Sanyeqing, Dendrobium, Golden Lotus, etc.), it is necessary to remove snow in time, strengthen the load-bearing steel beams, ensure light transmission, and regularly inspect the various facilities and medicinal materials in the greenhouse.
2, clearing the soil to prevent water accumulation
Combining cultivating and clearing ditch to cultivate soil and increase root depth can reduce or avoid the damage of roots caused by low temperature freezing damage.
3, covering insulation
Covering the rows of medicinal plants with straws such as straw, thatch and pecan peony can keep the ground temperature relatively stable and reduce the cold wind directly invading the roots.
4, pay attention to fertilization
The soil fertilizer, mud fertilizer, bad residue fertilizer, bone powder, and grass ash are mixed and fermented, and applied to the medicinal plants at a rate of 1500 kg per mu, which can not only improve the ground temperature, but also prevent freezing and warming, and improve soil fertility.
Third, woody herbs
1, do a good job in winter pruning
For woody Chinese herbal medicines (such as Eucommia ulmoides and Magnolia sylvestris) which are used for bark medicine, the erect and thick trunk should be cultivated, and the branches and weak branches of the lower part should be cut off; woody plants (such as hawthorn, which are used for fruit seeds) Raspberry, etc., can properly control the height of the tree and increase the number of branches.
2, timely soil
Adding 50 cm of dry soil to the root of the medicinal material and increasing the depth of the root can effectively avoid the damage of the root system caused by low temperature freezing damage.
3, covering insulation
At the seedling stage, straws such as straw and thatch are covered in the rows of medicinal plants, and the ground temperature is relatively stable; the whole plant can be bundled with plastic film.
4. Clear snow in time
After the snow stops, the snow on the wood of the medicinal herbs is shaken in time to prevent the snow from pressing the branches and causing the seedlings to fall, eventually leading to the death of the tree.
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