The role of cerebrovascular system in neurodegenerative diseases
October 18, 2018 Source: Ministry of Science and Technology
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];Insufficient cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier dysfunction are early manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases in human and animal models. In a new study published in the September 24 issue of Nature Neuroscience, Zlokovic's team recommended that the blood-brain barrier be considered an important biomarker and potential drug target for Alzheimer's disease. Since Alzheimer's disease is irreversible and not fully understood, the first step in understanding the disease process is a critical step against it.
Berislav Zlokovic, principal investigator of the Alzheimer's Disease Program at the University of Southern California's Keck School of Medicine, said: "We are currently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease through cognitive impairment, accumulation of amyloid and tau in the brain. But the destruction of the blood-brain barrier Changes in cerebral blood flow can be observed earlier. This explains why healthy blood vessels are important for normal brain function."
The blood-brain barrier is a structure with a filtering function. Its function is mainly to restrict the free exchange of substances between blood and brain, and to protect the brain. It is mainly composed of capillary endothelial cells, basement membrane and astrocytes. Some evidence suggests that leakage of the blood-brain barrier may cause amyloid to enter the brain and adhere to neurons. This causes more accumulation of amyloid, which eventually leads to brain cell death.
Arthur Toga, a member of the research team and director of the Neuroimaging Laboratory, said: "Healthy people have amyloid in their bodies, but when the cerebral vascular system is out of regulation, amyloid builds up, causing cell death." In other neurodegenerative Leakage of the blood-brain barrier can be observed in diseases including Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis.
Blood-brain barrier leakage can be detected by intravenous injection of contrast agents and magnetic resonance imaging. Brain microbleeds are another sign of leakage and can also be detected by MRI. In addition, it can be observed by PET scanning that the slowing of glucose uptake by the brain may be another manifestation of blood-brain barrier leakage. Zlokovic pointed out that these tests are not routine tests in hospitals.
Researchers at the University of Southern California said that if scientists can pay attention to early warning of the cerebral vascular system, Alzheimer's disease can be diagnosed earlier. This is very important because researchers believe that if Alzheimer's disease is discovered earlier, there is a better chance of stopping or slowing its development.
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