With the development of social economy and the transfer of rural labor, the traditional production methods based on manual planting operations restrict the development of double-season rice production. In the southern rice region, especially the seasonal constraints of double-season rice transplanting in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the poor seedling quality, the poor machine insertion effect, the delay in machine insertion and the agronomic machinery are not matched, and through the optimization of the varieties, the development of the breeding model, and the narrow line. High-speed and seedling seedling machine insertion, rice field machinery trenching, precise quantitative fertilization, early rice harvesting grass returning to fields and track rotation tillage, mechanical pest control, and other key technologies and equipment research and integration to achieve double-season rice The whole process of mechanized production and machine insertion is high-yield and efficient.
The technical points: 1. Optimize the mix. Variety selection should be combined with the growth characteristics of machine transplanting, pay attention to the reasonable matching of early rice and continuous cropping late rice, and strive for high yield in double season.
2. Mechanical tillage. Before transplanting early rice, it is suitable to use suitable machinery for 10 days for ploughing and finishing, mainly by rotary tillage, supplemented by ploughing, and combined with dry rotary tillage and horizontal consolidation. Combined with tillage and application of organic fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, wet rotation tillage 1-2 days before transplanting, and then shallow water leveling, after the soil is solid, mechanical transplanting.
3. Focus on breeding. Choosing a suitable breeding mode, early rice is recommended to grow in greenhouses, ageing 25-30 days; late rice is determined according to early rice harvesting period and planting mode, the seeding age is 15-20 days, and the sowing period is from the end of June to the beginning of July. Before sowing, do well-planting, removing awning, selecting seeds, soaking seeds and germination, etc. The seedlings or soils need to be acidified, fertilized and cleaned.
4. Reasonable planter insertion. According to the rice transplanter and the type of variety, it is reasonably densely planted to ensure sufficient seedling number and effective panicle number.
5. Rice field machinery ditching, water science management. After the machine is inserted, it should be filled with shallow water (2-3 cm water layer) to protect the seedlings, promote the survival of the green, and root the seedlings; after the tillering, the irrigation should be intermittently irrigated, the water layer should be 2 to 3 cm, and the field should be exposed in time. After drying, the water will be fertilized, the water will be adjusted, the water will be conditioned, and the roots will be promoted by the gas to promote the rapid development of tillers.
6. Accurate quantitative fertilization. According to the target yield of rice and soil fertility in paddy fields, the amount of fertilization should be rationally formulated to cultivate high-yield populations. Rationally increase the application of organic fertilizer, reduce nitrogen and increase potassium.
7. Mechanical disease and pest control. 4 to 5 days after transplanting, use 40% bensulfuron-methyl acesulfame wettable powder 60-80 grams, mix fine soil with 3-5 kg ​​per mu or 7.5 kg urea. When applying, keep the water layer in the field. 3-5 cm. According to the forecast of pests and diseases, timely prevention and control of pests and diseases. Large-scale medical spray technology for field machinery.
Note: Pay attention to the reasonable combination of the double-season rice machine inserts, and achieve high yield in the double season machine. Late rice breeding should be based on the early rice harvest and the characteristics of late rice varieties to rationally arrange the sowing period, and pay attention to the use of paclobutrazol and other growth regulators to control the growth of seedlings.
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