At present, it is a critical season for the growth of various crops. Since the flood season, successive rounds of heavy rainfall have caused greater impact on agricultural production. The crop root system has formed various hypoxic and anaerobic states due to soil flooding or the respiration of microorganisms and root systems in the soil, reducing the oxygen concentration in the rhizosphere, affecting the normal physiological metabolism and growth and development of the crop, which in turn causes roots and root rot Cause dead trees. Prolonged water immersion will seriously affect the fertility of the soil, and the loss of fertilizer will be serious, which will aggravate the phenomenon of soil compaction, which can easily lead to the outbreak of anaerobic pathogenic bacteria in the soil. Main measures of soil, fertilizer and water management of major crops after disasters:
(1) Rice
Dredge the ditch and open the field drainage ditch to ensure the smooth irrigation and drainage; rinse the leaf slurry and apply fertilizer in time. Principles of fertilization: First, a small number of times, for short immersion time, lighter disasters, and promising harvests, after 5-7 days of drainage, apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer according to the soil drainage and dry conditions, a small number of times to promote its growth; second It is an extra-root topdressing. The crop roots are damaged after waterlogging, and the ability to absorb fertilizer and water is weak. It is not suitable to apply fertilizer immediately. Foliar topdressing should be used. Spray 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or water-soluble fertilizers containing amino acids ( The concentration of spraying is according to the instructions of different products), once every 7 days, generally 2 to 3 times; the third is to see the seedlings and supplement the silicon, the rice and the wild white need to see the seedlings and supplement the silicon fertilizer, and the field will be supplemented 3-5 days after the water is removed Apply silicon fertilizer to promote the plant's recovery.
(2) Vegetables and dry food crops
The flooded vegetable crops should be sprayed with water to wash the leaves, remove the residual branch diseased leaves, and reduce plant nutrient consumption. For the lodging of dry grain crops, it is necessary to rectify the time, and properly cultivate the soil and protect the roots. If the vegetable field is flooded and the vegetables are damaged, the affected vegetables that still have market value will be actively harvested, seized on the market, to reduce losses, and timely stubble replacement, re-grab or replant, increase vegetable income.
Drainage and drainage in a timely manner, plowing the soil to increase soil permeability. Supplementary fertilizer application and top dressing are mainly based on the application of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers, supplemented by phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to make up for lost soil nutrients and promote plant recovery as soon as possible. Pouring biological bacterial fertilizer in the root can enhance disease resistance.
(3) Mulberry tea
First, drain the garden in time. For flooded plots, open ditches and drains in a timely manner to quickly remove water in the park and clean up sludge and debris. If conditions permit, you can use a sprayer and other tools to clean the muddy debris on the flooded plants in time with clean water.
The second is to loosen the soil in time. Orchards that have been inundated for a long time can be sprayed with lime to disinfect the soil. The soil compaction in the garden after flooding is prone to cause hypoxia of the root system. When the surface soil in the garden is basically dry, the soil should be loosened in time to prevent rotting.
The third is to apply fertilizer outside the root. After the tree is flooded, the root system is damaged, and the ability to absorb fertilizer and water is weak. It is not suitable to apply fertilizer immediately. You can choose 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3% urea, etc. for extra-root fertilizer. Once every 5 days or so, spray 2-3 times in a row. After the tree's vigor is restored, apply rotten organic fertilizer, cake fertilizer or urea to promote new roots.
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