After entering the winter, the air is relatively dry, and the water content in the soil is relatively low. This environment is very unfavorable for the cherry tree to absorb nutrients. When the temperature is lower than minus 20 degrees Celsius, the cherry tree will have vertical cracks, flowing glue, pumping, etc The phenomenon occurs, which can lead to tree death in severe cases. Therefore, the main cold-proof measures for big cherries in winter include pouring frozen water, painting white, binding grass handles, and installing windbreaks.
First, clear the garden. Clean up the dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, and diseased fruits in the orchard, and transport them out of the orchard to bury them or burn them in order to destroy the wintering places such as disease eggs and spores.
2. Frozen water. During the dormant period, the branches still have a weak transpiration effect. At this time, the lack of water in the soil often causes drawing or increased freezing damage, which reduces the wintering ability of cherry trees. Generally, pouring water once before the soil is frozen can not only promote the rapid absorption of base fertilizers, but also accelerate the healing of root wounds, promote new roots, and improve the ability of wintering and cold resistance to prevent drawing.
3. Pest management. Fruit trees are more or less infected with diseases and insect pests during the growth process. After the fruit trees have fallen leaves and germinated, a broad-spectrum insecticide, bactericidal, and acaricide were sprayed on the whole garden to kill the eggs and spores of the insect pests and reduce the pathogens in the coming year. Base. During spraying prevention and control, pay attention to spraying all over the garden, spray uniformly, and do not spray spraying in rainy, windy and dew.
Fourth, paint white. The main purpose of whitening is to prevent freezing. Whitening the trunk, main branch, sub-main branch, and large side branches of the cherry tree can remove hidden bacteria and pests.
5. Trim. Good canopy structure can extend economic life and achieve high quality and stable production. Winter shearing is performed after severe winter and before budding. The main methods of winter shearing are: thinning, throwing, retracting, and pulling branches. When pruning fruit trees, we should pay attention to retaining the extended head of the backbone branches, and pruning the branch groups reasonably to achieve the three-dimensional results of "upper and lower dense, positive and negative dense, and internal and external dense", making full use of "support, pull", etc. Means are to open the angle of the large branches, solve the problem of ventilation and light transmission, and carry out appropriate thinning and shrinking of cross branches, overlapping branches, drooping branches, and disease and insect branches, and transport the pruned branches out of the park for centralized destruction. Shears and wounds should be protected in a timely manner.
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