Colorful pepper is a colorful pepper, which belongs to one of the varieties of pepper. It is a perennial Solanaceae herb. The Liujiang District of Liuzhou, Guangxi Province has planted this variety all the year round. In 2018, the local standard of Liuzhou City, “Technical Regulations for the Production of Colorful Peppers†(DB450200/T0054-2018) was formulated to ensure the sustainable and stable development of the colorful pepper industry, promote industrial poverty alleviation, and achieve agricultural production and efficiency. It is of great significance for farmers to increase their income. The standardized production technology of colorful peppers is summarized as follows:
1 Farmland requirements
Flat land or sloping land of ≤15°, the tillage layer is deep, the soil is loose, the fertility is medium or
Above, the soil pH is 5.5 to 7.5.
2 variety selection
It is advisable to use varieties with high heat resistance, strong disease resistance, early maturity and high yield, such as: Guijiao 12, the seed quality should meet the requirements of GB 16715.3.
3 nursery
3.1 Seedling time
Middle and late November, late February, early March, early March.
3.2 Configuration of seedling substrate
The seedling substrate is self-formulated or market-specific organic matrix, and the matrix meets the quality requirements of NY/T2118. After mixing each cubic meter of matrix with 50% poly-sulfur WP40 grams, cover the plastic film for 5 to 7 days, and the diaphragm can be placed in the tray for use.
3.3 Seed treatment
Soak the seeds in hot water at 55-60 °C, keep the water temperature for 20-25 minutes, then soak the seeds in 1% copper sulfate solution for 20-25 minutes, remove and wash them into clear water and continue soaking seeds 6~ 8 hours.
3.4 germination
The 6.3 treated seeds are wrapped with clean moist cotton cloth (seed thickness ≤ 2 cm), placed in an environment of 30 ~ 32 ° C to promote germination, the seed germination process to keep the seeds moist, seed white when 75% ~ 80% can be sown.
3.5 Sowing: Seeding is carried out in greenhouses or small arches. The amount of production per 667 square meters of field is 8 to 10 grams. The germinated seeds are sown on a seedling tray or a nursery cup, and the seedling substrate is covered by 0.5 cm.
3.6 Seedbed Management
3.6.1 Water and fertilizer management: Keep the seedbed moist during the nursery. When the surface of the seedling substrate is white, it will be sprayed in time. If the seedlings are not growing robustly during the late seedling stage, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves.
3.6.2 Pest Management: The main pests and diseases in the seedling stage include gray mold, stagnation, sclerotinia and spider mites and mites. See Appendix A for control methods.
3.6.3 Refining: 5 to 7 days before planting, gradually open the cover and refine the seedling for 2 to 3 days.
4 Daejeon Management
4.1 Site preparation of base fertilizer: 50 kg of lime per 667 square meters, 3000 to 3500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 50 kg of 15:15:15 potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer, 20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer evenly spread on it. After deep-turning the soil 30-40 cm, the soil is finely raked and flattened, and the width of the ridge is 0.8-1.0 m, and the width of the groove is 40-50 cm.
4.2 Colonization
4.2.1 Time: From late February to early March, when the seedlings have 6 to 8 true leaves, they can be planted. It should be carried out after 16:00 on a cloudy or sunny day.
4.2.2 Density: Planting in two rows of characters, 1300-1500 plants per acre.
4.2.3 Method: The day before the planting, the seedbed is drenched. Firstly, the black or silver black color mulch film is laid on the kneading surface, and the hole is opened according to the planting density. The seedlings of the pepper seedlings are placed in the hole, and the fine soil is poured to 1 cm below the cotyledon, and the root water is drenched.
4.3 Water and fertilizer management: flower bud period: 2.5 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 square meters. Fruiting period: 5 kg of urea per 667 square meters, 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate, and 2 to 3 times. Appropriate spraying of 0.1% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer according to plant growth. When water is found, it is immediately removed.
4.4 Pest Control
4.4.1 Principles of prevention and control: In accordance with the plant protection policy of “prevention first, comprehensive preventionâ€, adhere to the principle of “agricultural prevention, physical control, and chemical prevention as the supplementâ€.
4.4.2 Agricultural control: clean the countryside, carry out crop rotation, apply decomposed organic fertilizer, and cultivate strong seedlings. Timely ventilation to control the humidity of the small arch shed.
4.4.3 Physical control: 20 to 30 pieces of yellow plate or blue plate per 667 square meters, yellow plate traps winged aphids, whiteflies, spotted flyes, etc.; blue plate traps thrips; suspended vibrating insects per hectare Lights 1 ç›, using frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps to trap adult pests such as moths and lepidoptera.
4.4.4 Chemical control: The use of pesticides should comply with the provisions of GB 4285 and GB/T 8321. See Appendix A for major pest and disease control methods. 5 When the color of the harvested fruit turns purple, it can be harvested. It is harvested in batches from early May to early November, and the time is appropriate.
Schedule A Symptoms of main pests and diseases of colorful peppers and methods for controlling chemical agents
The above are all the main points of the standardized technical regulations for the production of colorful peppers in the northern region. The vegetable farmers who need to learn can collect, and other things that you want to know can also leave a message!
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