1. Cover with multilayer film for heat preservation
When raising seedlings or cultivating vegetables in large sheds in winter, to keep warm and cold and prevent freezing, bamboo can be used to make arches to form small arches. Cover the film at night and cover the grass thatch. If possible, cover the grass thatch with another layer of film. , Forming a thermal insulation and cold-proof compartment. Use plastic film as an apron at the bottom of the shed, pay attention to blocking the gaps everywhere, and minimize the gaps for heat dissipation, thereby reducing the cold air at the bottom.
When planting vegetables, cover the border surface with a mulch, which has a good effect of moisture preservation, heat preservation and humidity control. Leave a 15-20cm open field between the borders so that the heat stored in the soil during the day and night is slowly dissipated into the shed at night. When the temperature is low or there is frost, you should pay attention to the inspection before night. The small arch shed must be covered with film and covered with straw thatch in order to achieve good thermal insulation effect.
2. Appropriate temporary heating in extreme weather
When the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 15°C during the day and 5°C at night, cold injury or freezing injury may occur. In case of extremely low temperature weather, temporary heating measures can be taken at night to artificially Supplement the heat. For example, a few briquettes can be placed in the shed to increase the temperature in the shed, but attention should be paid to prevent carbon dioxide poisoning, adding briquettes and removing coal When the furnace is in use, the greenhouse should be ventilated before entering.
3. Strengthen field management
(1) Self-made nutritious soil for growing vegetables or cultivating vegetable seedlings: Choose 20% and 60% of the garden soil and mix well after fully decomposing cattle manure, chicken manure and other farmyard manure with heat-generating effect, and add appropriate amount of ash, It is formulated into nutrient soil for cultivating vegetables or cultivating vegetable seedlings, which has good ventilation and heat preservation effect, and the plant grows stoutly, and the cold and frost resistance ability is greatly improved.
(2) Use black plastic nutrient bowls for vegetable seedlings: vegetable seedlings are most afraid of low temperature and freezing. Use black plastic nutrient bowls to grow seedlings. The bowl body can absorb a lot of heat during the day and slowly release heat at night to play the role of insulation and root protection.
(3) Proper ventilation to strengthen the ability of vegetables or seedlings to resist cold and frost: a large shed with better heat preservation has a large temperature difference between inside and outside. When the weather is good, repeated ventilation can be used to reduce the temperature difference between inside and outside the shed. , So that the plants slowly adapt to the environment and grow healthily, and at the same time strengthen their own cold-resistant and frost-resistant ability to avoid flashing seedlings and freezing damage due to cold.
(4) Maintain proper moisture in the soil to resist cold: the moisture content of the soil in the greenhouse in winter must be moderate, and the pores and cracks of the cultivated layer should be kept tight, and the root system should not grow in the cavities, so that the soil has good thermal insulation properties. The root system will not suffer from freezing damage. The freezing damage of vegetable seedlings and plants is mostly caused by the lack of water in the soil. If the soil can be irrigated with sufficient water before winter or in a sunny day above 20°C, it can prevent cold and frost damage.
(5) Appropriate spraying of cold-resistant agents: low temperature in winter, low and weak light, weakening of the ability of vegetables to absorb fertilizer and water, which is likely to cause poor growth. Appropriate spraying of cold-resistant and anti-freeze nutrients for 2 to 3 times can improve vegetables Cold resistance, frost resistance and yield increase will have good effects. Commercial anti-cold (freezing) agents should be used in accordance with the instructions, or sprayed with 0.1% sugar + 0.5% to 1% superphosphate + 0.05% to 0.25% rice vinegar for three to four times to make a 300-fold solution, and spray it on the surface of vegetable leaves. It can increase the sugar content and hardness of the mesophyll, and improve the cold resistance; pour dilute manure water in the shed to make the soil hard to freeze and achieve the purpose of protecting seedlings and preventing cold.
4. Strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases
Vegetables are vulnerable to pests and diseases after being cold and frozen. At this time, the best methods such as spreading plant ash, placing fumigant, and spraying chlorothalonil can be used to prevent and control pests and diseases, and at the same time, it can play a role in preventing cold and freezing.
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