Reasonable pruning is an important technical measure for high yield and stable production of walnuts. The pruning time of walnut trees is different from that of other fruit trees. It should not be pruned during dormancy because pruning during rest period is prone to injury and weakens the tree vigor and even causes local branches to die. According to the actual experience in production, the suitable pruning period for walnut trees is better after harvesting from autumn fruits to before leaf fall. Its main trimming technique:
First, the initial result period Walnut tree from the beginning of the results to a large number of results during the period, the vegetative growth is more prosperous, the crown expanded year by year, the number of results increased year by year. At this time pruning, in addition to continuing to cultivate all levels of backbone sticks, but also pay attention to the retention of auxiliary nutrients, sparse useless dense crowded branches, leggy branches and thin branches, so that all types of branches distributed evenly. Within the canopy, appropriate branches should be left as much as possible, and the density should be kept to increase the area of ​​results. Use strong and weak methods to adjust the growth branches of the branches at all levels to maintain a balanced development of the tree potential and cultivate a plump crown.
Second, full fruit period walnut trees to full fruit period, is the highest yield period, while the vegetative growth will gradually weaken, the annual phenomenon of fruit production is becoming more obvious, the crown gradually opened, the number of peripheral branches increased, the crown canopy air ventilation Bad, branchlets are easy to dry and the area starts to decrease. Pruning at this time to increase fruit production and prolong the full fruit period. The thin and weak branches, dry and dead branches, overlapped branches, drooping branches, and diseased shoots inside and outside the crown should be cut off from the base to improve the ventilation and light conditions, and to promote the development of a full and robust mother and developing branches. Vigorous shoots that are spawned on the internal malleolus should be properly retained to facilitate the outcome. For large dense branches, it is necessary to cut them off year by year. When cutting, the wounds should be flattened to promote good healing.
3. During the aging period, when the growth potential of walnut trees declines, the new shoots drawn each year are very short, most of them cannot form flower buds. The result is low capacity, the inside of the tree canopy or the periphery of the tree canopy, the phenomenon of Jiao Jiao is serious, and some large and medium branches also begin to dry up. Gradually shrink. At this time, we must re-shear the update to restore the tree vigor and extend the results. Focus on the retreat of the perennial shoots of the charred shoots to promote their vigorous new shoots and rejuvenate the tree. An auxiliary nutrient was selected at the retraction site to promote wound healing and sprout germination, making it a strong new branch and rejuvenating the tree. For the debilitated old tree, the perennial branches can be updated year by year. The strong buds and long branches can be sprouted using the buds and the crowns can be re-formed to make the tree grow vigorously.
While pruning the walnut trees, it is better to combine them with other management measures (such as fertilization, watering, pest control, etc.) and the effect is better.
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