“Customized infants, anti-malaria mosquitoes, gene therapy, what do you think of these keywords?â€
That's right, it's genetic editing technology, and the most widely known and mature editing method is CRISPR, but the key to making him more efficient is an enzyme: Cas9, and this CRISPR / Cas9 technology, At present, there are two major teams in the scientific community who are carrying out his patent battle!
The principle of CRISPR / Cas9 comes from the defense mechanism of bacteria against viral infection. When it is infected for the same virus for the second time, it will be compared with the memory of the last attacked DNA fragment: Is the virus an enemy?
If the answer is "yes", the DNA will be "divided" immediately (it can be imagined that when the same kind of foreign enemy is invaded, it will directly slash the enemy and smash the enemy), which can effectively prevent the virus from copying and will think Invading viruses are blocked.
How do we understand CRISPR? This is similar to the "scrapbook function" in the paper software we usually use. It is the place where the "cut" function is to be cut, the DNA is broken, and then the function is attached. "External DNA repair template", which is the style we want to fix. (The broken DNA initiates the repair function, and at this point the organic rate uses the DNA repair template we specified.)
▲ Technical illustration → DNA double helix break → insert foreign DNA repair
This technology will replace the cumbersome, high-cost editing methods that can only change "one gene" at a time, such as: ZFN zinc-finger nuclease or TALEN target gene culling tool (Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases).
"This multi-billion dollar CRISPR / Cas9 technology is in the midst of a patent battle!"
â–² Left: Zhang Feng, working at the MIT Broad Lab; right: Jennifer Dudner, at the University of California, Berkeley, is the team leader in this patent battle.
It all came from the University of California, where Jennifer Anne Doudna was in April 2015, asking the USPTO to revoke the MIT Broad Institute, where Zhang Feng was employed. Started with 10 patents on CRISPR / Cas9.
“If Doudna chooses to submit an application “late dayâ€, chances are that there is no such dispute now!â€
The most interesting part of this case is that, just after March 16, 2013, the US new patent law changed from “First Apply to First Instance†to “First Applying System†First-Inventor-to-File. (FITF) system, and at the same time amending Article 102 of the Patent Law (35 USC §102(g)), replacing the Patent proceeding with the Derivation proceeding, then it is time to use the new law to step on the first Is the "inventivism" still the old law "first applicationism"?
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