Release date: 2016-12-06
According to the Hong Kong "South China Morning Post" website reported on December 2, the latest issue of the "Science" magazine published a paper on the day of the experiment carried out by a research team of Peking University, this experiment was praised as a "revolution" in the field of vaccines.
According to the report, the team broke two major taboos in the field of vaccine research: first, create a vaccine with a fully infectious live virus, and then inject the vaccine into a dead animal infected with the virus.
According to the paper, these animals are completely cured after receiving the injection.
According to the report, this breakthrough is expected to simplify the development of vaccines and help scientists get effective vaccines and even treatments within a few weeks of the outbreak to deal with avian flu, SARS, Ebola and AIDS.
The researchers adjusted the genetic code of the live virus to invalidate the virus's self-replication mechanism. However, they retain the infectivity of the virus, thereby allowing the host cells to generate immunity.
The report said that the use of a fully infectious live virus was considered a contraindication because the virus spread quickly. Vaccines currently widely marketed and used usually contain either a dead virus or a live virus with reduced toxicity.
Live virus vaccines that are approved for clinical use are usually structurally treated to reduce the toxicity of the virus, but this affects the efficacy of the vaccine. In addition, many deadly viruses do not have a corresponding vaccine.
Zhou Demin, the leader of the study and a professor at the Peking University School of Pharmacy, said that the struggle between the research community and the virus was a battle of defeat.
He told the South China Morning Post: "Now we have new weapons... almost able to eliminate almost any kind of virus and its variants. This can change the battle."
According to Science, Zhou Demin's team conducted three experiments to make a vaccine using the live avian flu virus.
They used the vaccine on mice, ferrets and guinea pigs, and they all recovered quickly.
The analysis also showed that the artificial virus was recombined with the wild virus so that the generated virus could not replicate itself.
Zhou said: "This is not only a vaccine, but also a drug."
The avian influenza virus used in this vaccine is more than 99% similar to the natural avian influenza virus.
Zhou's research team only adjusted the three bases of viral DNA—the virus usually has hundreds of thousands of such bases.
The virus needs food to survive, and amino acids are a source of food. Wild viruses eat almost any amino acid, but the genetically modified virus they cultivated by Zhou Demin only accepts a specific form of amino acid.
This unnatural amino acid can only be made in the laboratory and does not exist in animals or humans.
Zhou said: "So, after injecting these viruses into the host, they will not be able to replicate themselves because of the lack of (appropriate) amino acids, and will eventually "hungry" to die."
Zhou’s team made these viruses in artificial cell lines filled with unnatural amino acids. The virus will then self-replicate a lot in these artificial cells, just like a car driving down the production line.
Zhou envisioned possible future uses for this vaccine technology, such as the sudden outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in the country.
Researchers can quickly isolate the unknown virus from the patient, modify the three bases of the virus, and then use the genetically modified virus to produce the vaccine for the public. This can be done in just a few weeks.
The vaccine can also be injected into patients who have already been infected with the virus.
Zhou said: "The side effects are very small, and the vaccinators have almost no feeling."
He said he believes the technology will benefit patients soon.
Source: Reference Message Network
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