In recent years, the advent and popularity of 3D printing technology has brought unprecedented convenience to the development of science and technology and people's daily life. In the field of biomedical research and clinical treatment, the contribution of 3D printing technology is also indispensable. The following small series will make an inventory of the latest developments in this field.
1. Circulation Res: Heavy! 3D print patch or hope to repair damaged heart in heart disease patients
Recently, a research report published in the international magazine Circulation Research, researchers from the University of Minnesota and other institutions through research developed a revolutionary 3D bioprinting patch that can help repair patients after a heart attack In the presence of scarred heart tissue, this study is critical for the treatment of tissue damage in patients with heart attack.
According to the American Heart Association, heart disease is the number one killer of American deaths, causing more than 360,000 deaths per year; during a heart attack, blood flow from the patient's body is often not pumped into the heart muscle. It causes heart cell death; our body cannot replace these cardiomyocytes, so scar tissue is formed in the heart of the body, which puts the patient at risk of impaired heart function and future heart failure.
In this study, researchers used laser-based 3D bioprinting technology to incorporate stem cells derived from adult heart cells into a special scaffold that can grow on a special scaffold and in a laboratory culture dish. Synchronous beating can also be achieved. When the cell patch was placed in the body of a mouse model that mimicked a heart attack, the researchers found that the heart function of the mouse body increased significantly over the next four weeks, because the patch was a native structure in the heart. The protein and cellular components, which are transformed into a part of the heart and absorbed by the body, free the patient from surgery.
Researcher Brenda Ogle said that this is a huge breakthrough in the treatment of heart disease, and in the future we should probably expand to repair the heart of large animals, such as humans. This research differs from previous research in that researchers can develop such patches based on digital three-dimensional structural proteins of the original heart tissue, which can create the natural physical structure of the heart through 3D printing technology, and may be expected in the future. Heart cell types derived from stem cells are integrated, and using only 3D printing technology, researchers can achieve a micron resolution to mimic the structure of the original heart tissue.
Researchers are surprised that this 3D patch can make heart tissue complex, and they can also observe the neatly arranged cells in the scaffold and the continuous electrical signal waves across the patch structure. Finally, Ogle said, the next step is to develop a large patch for testing in the pig's heart through more in-depth research, and the pig's heart and human heart are very similar in size.
2. J Neurointerv Surg: 3D printed model of intracranial arteries drives advances in high-resolution MRI
A stroke neuroscientist from the University of South Carolina Medical College collaborated with a bioengineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to complete a 3D simulation of an intracranial stenosis. This model can be used to standardize diagnostic methods for high-resolution MRI scans. The results were published in the recent Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.
The high-resolution vascular wall MRI technique is mainly used to study plaque components in cerebral blood vessels and plays an important role in the pathological analysis of intracranial atherosclerosis. However, because the operational flow of high-resolution MRI has not been standardized enough, data cannot be shared between different clinics. Therefore, the technology has not been greatly developed.
To solve this problem, neuroscientist Turan from the University of South Carolina Medical College and a bioengineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology designed a simulated intravascular model of the blood vessel. The model can realistically reflect the stenosis of the intracranial artery and the plaque structure present inside. Currently, the model is being extensively studied at major research institutes and will be used to establish standardized MRI diagnostic methods. The imaging test results in the article were from six medical trials in the United States and two medical trials from China.
The fine "operating platform" is an important prerequisite for establishing a standard process for high-resolution MRI imaging technology. However, it takes several years to complete the design of this platform. For researchers, the next major issue is to create networks that identify each other between MRI instruments from different manufacturers.
China is one of the “places†of sharing, and it is also one of the countries with high incidence of intracranial atherosclerosis. Turan is working with researchers at the Concord Medical School to use more experimental data to refine this 3D-based platform. “Only by strengthening cooperation can we make progress faster, and this platform provides a useful tool for our cooperation,†Turan said.
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