[Global Network Comprehensive Report] According to the US "Qiaobao Daily" reported on August 22, a new study indicates that an enzyme in the intestinal bacteria can convert type A blood into general-type O blood, and this It is also a scientific feat that can significantly increase blood supply.
According to the United Press International, Stephen Iners, a lead researcher and professor of biochemistry at the University of British Columbia, said the enzyme converts blood into O-type blood about 30 times faster than any enzyme recorded in the case. And it seems to be a safe and effective method.
Withers published his findings at the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society this week in Boston.
During transfusion, people with blood types A, B, and AB should receive blood supply that matches their blood type to avoid severe rejection and potentially fatal immune responses. However, any of them can accept generic O-type blood.
Withers explained that the blood itself carries antigen. Once lost to incompatible blood, the body's immune system recognizes the different antigens on the input red blood cells, triggering a series of reactions. In general, O-type blood cells do not carry any A or B antigen, so they can be lost to any blood type, called the omnipotent blood donor.
He said, "The surface of the O-type blood cell antigen has a certain sugar structure, and the surface of the A and B blood cells also has this sugar structure, but there is an additional sugar in their structure. It can be said that the sugar structure on the O-type blood cell. It is the foundation, and adding a kind of sugar to it becomes a blood type A or B."
He pointed out that in the study, they hope to find a way to cut out the excess sugar in the blood of type A or B, and transform its sugar structure into a basic type, which is converted into type O blood. So they chose a biochemical to use enzymes to remove sugar.
Withers pointed out that the method of using enzyme to transform blood type was confirmed as early as 1982, but the enzyme used at that time was very slow and inefficient, and it did not have practical application effects.
"This idea proved to be B blood in 1982, but they were never a practical method at the time," Withers said.
But over the past few decades, with the development of new genetic technologies, scientists have become more likely to find an enzyme that efficiently converts blood types.
To this end, Withers and his colleagues studied an enzyme produced by intestinal bacteria.
Studies have shown that this enzyme can extract some of the energy from the decomposition of these sugars and is very efficient. It seems to be able to cut sugar in type A blood cells in a "very peculiar" way.
Currently, researchers are applying for a patent for this, and they are not willing to disclose details about this intestinal enzyme before the patent is approved.
The researchers say the next step is to use a protein engineering technique called "directed evolution" to simulate accelerated natural evolution in a bacterial environment with the goal of creating the most effective glycosylase.
Dr. Pampee Young, chief medical officer of the American Red Cross, believes that if this innovation proves to be effective, it will be very helpful in ensuring the “sustainable†supply of blood and helping to alleviate the problem of insufficient blood supply. Safeguard the lives of patients.
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