Many studies have taught us that exercise not only exercises physical fitness, but also the brain's natural health products. Developing exercise habits can enhance our memory and reasoning ability. Recently, Portuguese scientists have also found in a new mouse experiment that when the mice run faster, the cerebellar association learning ability is also better.
The cerebellum is critical to our athletic ability and balance. Although the cerebellum does not actively initiate movements, it receives signals from the spinal cord sensory system and other brain regions, affecting motor coordination, accuracy, and accurate timing. Modern biomedical research shows that in addition to playing an important role in sensory cognition and motor control, cerebellum is also associated with many cognitive functions such as attention, language processing, and music processing. It can also regulate emotional reactions such as fear and joy.
In the face of a changing environment, the cerebellum is constantly adjusting itself to cope with advance and retreat, and the importance of its motor skills learning cannot be denied. A new study, published by the Champalimaud Center for the Unknown in Portugal, is published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, trying to understand how mice change part of the neural circuits in the cerebellum during exercise.
The main content of the experiment is to observe whether the ability to learn to "delay blink" has changed as the mouse runs faster. However, the original research direction of the team was "adjusted learning", similar to the classical physiologist Pavlov's classical theory of restraint experiment: let the dog link the two things " bell" and "feeding", and finally the dog only heard the bell It will drool when it rings.
The new experiment allows the mouse to run on a treadmill. The mouse must learn to close the eyes immediately before the eyes are blown by the wind (causing a reflexive blink), which is a form of learning for the cerebellum. As a result, the experiment was completely ineffective, and the team could not see any results. Not only did the data measured by each mouse differ greatly, but even the data of a single mouse in the same experiment was too large to be concluded.
Until a certain moment, the researchers were fascinated and suddenly considered the experimental conditions to be inaccurate. When they adjusted the speed of the mice, the "stains" that hindered the data disappeared immediately. In addition, they found that when all mice were running at a faster rate, they produced similar learning curves and maximum eyelid regulation performance. According to Catarina Albergaria, the first author of the paper, this confirms the causal relationship between running speed and enhanced learning, not just relevance: when running faster, learning ability is also stronger.
What is the brain connection mechanism for running and learning? First, does the team assume that it is related to the visual system, such as when the mouse can see more clearly while running, so learn better? However, the experimental results show that the learning effect is the same whether it is visual stimulation or auditory stimulation. The neural process that promotes learning enhancement does not involve the sensory system, but may occur after the sensory signal is processed through the visual, auditory or tactile regions in the cerebral cortex. reaction. So the researchers turned their attention to the cerebellum.
The researchers used optogenetic techniques to directly stimulate cerebellar specific neurons with lasers, and found that when the channels of mossy fibers were stimulated to increase activity, the learning ability of mice increased. The team speculates that it may not be necessary to exercise, as long as any method that promotes the increase in moss fiber activity can improve learning ability.
The experimental results suggest that we have the above potential mechanisms to improve individual learning ability. The team will study why walking and aerobic exercise will help improve thinking and organize new ideas. (Source: Technews Technology News)
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