In the production of tobacco leaves, tobacco virus disease, black shank disease, nematode disease, bacterial wilt, wildfire disease, and so on have great impact on their yield and quality, and sometimes even cause devastating economic losses. Tobacco common mosaic virus disease is a kind of tobacco disease that occurs widely in various tobacco areas around the world and is highly endemic in some areas. It occurs in all tobacco areas in China, especially in areas such as Shandong, Sichuan, Anhui, Henan and Jilin. Seriously, the incidence in the field is generally between 5% and 20%.
What is tobacco common mosaic virus disease
The pathogen of tobacco common mosaic virus disease is tobacco common mosaic virus, belonging to the genus tobacco mosaic virus. The host range of tobacco mosaic virus is very extensive, including Solanaceae, Polygonaceae, Leguminosae and other 36 families 350 species of plants. Tobacco common mosaic virus strains on tobacco are divided into common strains, macular strains and white spot necrosis strains.
The primary infection sources of tobacco mosaic virus are: the remnants of the diseased tobacco plants of the previous year (such as tobacco stalks, tobacco leaves, broken tobacco leaves, and seeds). These diseased plant residues can be found in manure, seedbeds and fields. In the soil, all contact with the seedlings may cause initial infection; other crops parasitize and virus on the wild host plants; soil poisoning, research found that after the decomposition of the diseased bodies in the soil, the common mosaic virus can also be adsorbed on the soil. Granule surface. The main route of transmission and reinfestation of pathogens is through sap infection of diseased plants. The diseased leaves and healthy leaves on the seedbed need to be gently rubbed to cause slight damage to the leaves or hair cells of the leafy hair. The virus can be infiltrated through the micro-wounds; it can also be carried out through irrigation water, fertilizer, hands, clothing, tools, and agricultural operations. Communication, these are important ways for viruses to infect and spread.
Tobacco mosaic virus disease can occur from the seedbed stage to the adult stage of the field. The incidence of tobacco seedlings in the field was 20 days after the transplanting to the budding stage. The diseased plants in the field still showed an upward trend after being toppled, but the disease was mainly manifested in the haze and was not harmful.
Tobacco mosaic virus is a systemic infection and the whole plant is onset. When the seedlings and plants become susceptible, first the new leaf veins and adjacent mesophyll tissue become lighter in color, showing a semitransparent shape, and the light veins of the size of the diseased leaf will be found clearly in the light-light perspective, indicating the appearance of the Mingmai symptoms; then the symptoms will spread to The entire leaf formed a yellow-green mottled pattern. After 4 to 10 days of appearance, Mingmai began to form mosaic symptoms on the new leaf. The chlorophyll of the leaf tissue discolored and formed a dark green and light green phase. The margin of the diseased leaves of the diseased plants is sometimes curled on the back and leaves are loose. In addition, the common symptoms in tobacco production can be divided into light mosaics, heavy mosaics, and mosaic burning spots.
Factors affecting the prevalence of tobacco common mosaic virus disease
climate. The main epidemic time of tobacco mosaic mosaic virus disease is from the seedbed stage to the budding stage of the field. At this stage, the climate has a great impact on the prevalence of tobacco common mosaic virus disease. The Northern District of Tobacco has arid and rainy weather from April to June each year, and the temperature fluctuations are relatively large. Especially after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the critical time for the long-term prosperity of the Mission tree is met with sudden drop of cold rain or dry hot wind, which easily triggers tobacco. An outbreak of mosaic virus disease. Therefore, temperature and light influence the development of the disease to a large extent. Increasing the temperature and illumination can shorten the incubation period.
Variety. Different types and varieties of tobacco have different resistance to common mosaic virus disease. At present, in the cultivars of flue-cured tobacco, there are no varieties that have good resistance to common mosaic virus disease. Some studies have found that through the genetic engineering technology, the coat protein gene of common tobacco mosaic virus was introduced into G80 and other varieties, and the resistance of new varieties cultivated to common mosaic virus disease was improved to some extent.
Tillage and cultivation management. The lack of attention to hygienic cultivation in production is also an important cause of the prevalence of tobacco common mosaic virus disease. In the old nursery beds, vegetable garden nursery, and Solanaceae vegetable nursery, continuous cropping, intercropping and interplanting are the conditions for the first occurrence of the disease and multiple infections. In addition, soil compaction, poor permeability, and slow tobacco growth all contribute to the accumulation of virus in tobacco plants.
Soil nutrient status. In production, the nutritional status and growth and development of tobacco leaves also affect the severity of the disease. The levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and the levels of aluminum, zinc, and other trace elements have important effects on the nutritional resistance of tobacco plants.
Chemical Control of Tobacco Common Mosaic Virus Disease
In tobacco production, when the incidence of common mosaic virus disease in field tobacco plants reaches 2%, use 0.5% amino oligosacin water 500 times solution or 8% nannanmycin water solution 1400 times or 20%? Indole copper acetate wettable powder 500 times solution and other anti-viral agents prevent one; when the incidence of tobacco field exceeds 10%, first remove the field diseased tobacco plants, and then use the above-mentioned agents to control 2 or 3 times, each time 7 to 10 days. Http://Content/e5609c1e-0055-4d15-b124-c0606dc73ab4?cType=2
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