Cut. Combined with winter pruning, cut off dry branches and diseased branches, this pair of citrus leaf miner, scorpion scales, arrowhead scales, red wax scales, pear skin moths, pear stem bees, pear bulb moths, grape wing moths, and large Green leafhoppers, as well as powdery mildew, anthracnose, rot disease, ring spot disease and other branch diseases and insect pests have good effects. When pruning, you should pay attention to the cutting (saw) surface to prevent infection. Large wounds can be protected by smearing with lime sulfur mixture, Bordeaux mixture, healing agent, etc., and the cut branches should be taken out of the garden and burned in time.
scratch. The mature bark of fruit trees is rough, with many cracks, and the rough bark is uplifted. These places are places where pests and germs live through the winter. When scraping the skin, all the old and coarse skins on the backbone branches should be scraped off, but it should not be too deep to damage the phloem and xylem. For the branch and stem diseases of fruit trees that cannot be removed with "pruning", such as rot, ring disease, dry rot, etc., the disease spots should be scraped off in time, and the branches should be smeared with Guokangbao 10 times solution or 843 rehabilitation agent stock solution. The scraped bark should be taken out of the orchard and burned.
Painted. After scraping off the old bark, it should be painted white in time to eliminate the overwintering pests and diseases on the trunk. The proportion of whitening agent is 10 parts lime, 2 parts lime sulfur mixture, 2 parts salt, 2 parts clay, and 40 parts water; it can also be coated with 843 rehabilitation agent or 402 antibacterial agent alone with appropriate amount of water. If there are overwintering eggs in the bark, add a small amount of insecticide. The whitening time is preferably twice: the first time after leaf fall to before the soil freezes, and the second time in early spring. Whitening can also prevent sunburn and freezing damage of fruit trees.
turn. Cockchafers, peach heartworms, boat-shaped caterpillars, citrus bud maggots, Spodoptera litura, cutworms and beetles that harm fruit trees are hidden under the soil in the form of adults, larvae or pupae for overwintering. After cleaning the orchard and before the soil is frozen, the fruit trees The soil under the surrounding tree canopy is turned 20~30 cm deep, which can not only improve the soil structure, prevent soil compaction, which is conducive to the growth of roots, but also destroy the overwintering nests of pests, making them exposed to the soil surface to freeze to death or be pecked by birds.
clear. Early leaf fall disease, anthracnose, scab, ring disease, peach brown rot, etc. as well as red spider, pear web bug, grape leafhopper, pear heartworm, apple heartworm, pear star caterpillar and some leaf roller moths Pests, they all spend the winter on dead branches and fallen leaves, so all weeds, fallen leaves, dead branches, and diseased fruits in the orchard must be cleaned up, burned and buried deeply, so as to eliminate a large number of overwintering disease sources and insect sources .
spray. Citrus and other evergreen fruit trees can be sprayed with 100-150 times of Baumedu lime sulfur mixture, 95% oil emulsion 100-150 times or 45% crystal lime sulfur mixture 200-300 times after clearing the garden; peach, pear, grape, plum, etc. The deciduous fruit trees are sprayed with 3～5 Baume degree lime sulphur mixture, 99% mineral oil emulsion (green glare) 100~200 times liquid or 45% crystal lime sulphur mixture 30~50 times liquid in the late period of dormancy of fruit trees (bud germination period), It can significantly reduce the base of citrus mites, scales, anthracnose, peach leaf shrinkage, aphids, grape powdery mildew, felt disease, black pox and other pests.
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Plant extracts refer to substances extracted or processed from plants (all or a part of plants) using appropriate solvents or methods, and can be used in the pharmaceutical industry, food industry, daily chemical industry and other industries.
There is a conceptual overlap between plant extracts and herbal extracts. The raw materials of plant extracts in my country are mainly derived from Chinese herbal medicines, so domestic plant extracts can also be called Chinese medicine extracts to some extent.
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