Causes and Countermeasures of Early Freezing Damage in Spring Tea Production

Since 2004, our county has been affected by the cold air in the north many times in a row. Especially in late January and early March, the minimum temperatures reached minus 7 degrees and zero degrees respectively, causing serious freezing damage to the growth of tea plants. According to preliminary investigations, in the early 2004 tea production process in our county, the frozen area was about 2,680 mu. The occurrence of this frost damage caused local cold damage among the varieties in the tea production of our county, which had a certain impact on the production of spring tea in our county, especially the production of exceptionally high quality tea. From the perspective of the area where the damage occurred, the towns of Shilian, Miaogao, Hushan and Yunfeng were more serious, and the cold injury mainly occurred in low-lying areas of Datian and mountainous regions, especially in recent years. Judging from the frozen varieties, the main species is Wu Niu Zao, followed by Suichang Yin Monkey Tea and Ying Shuang. Judging from the degree of freezing, the severe winter frost injury was early Ukrainian cattle breeds. The degree of frost damage was grade 3, and most of the dry coke was damaged; followed by Suichang silver monkey tea, the green leaf layer was partially anxious, and some of the newly sprouted leaves were frozen. The degree is grade 3; once again for the frost-resistant varieties, the green leaf layer is slightly anxious, and the degree of freezing damage of the new sprout leaf is 2 levels. First, the cause of frost damage From July 2003 to January 2004, the drought anomaly persisted. In the past seven months, the accumulated precipitation was only 342.7 mm, which was 260.3 mm less rain than the average of 603 mm, a decrease of 4.32 percent over the normal years. Since 2004, it has been affected by the cold air in the north many times. In the end of January, the absolute temperature dropped to minus 7.1 degrees. On March 4, the temperature dropped to minus 1 degree, and frost continued for many days. Under conditions of rapid and rapid temperature drop and arid and low temperature climate, especially in the tea gardens of low-lying areas in Daejeon and mountainous regions, moisture forms ice crystals between the tea cell tissues, causing cell membrane damage, accumulation of components such as anthocyanins, and impeding the normal growth of cells. The tea tree caused more serious damage, which was characterized by shoot scorching and burning, and thus formed a clear dry phenomenon. Second, the countermeasures 1, moderate pruning: First of all, damage to the green leaf layer, picking surface buds more serious tea garden phenomenon should be moderately light pruning to stimulate bud germination. Secondly, for the tea gardens where the peeling of the xylem and phloem base of the tea tree stem base (commonly known as peeling) phenomenon should be dealt with according to the situation: (1) For the tea gardens where the xylem and phloem of the base of the tea tree are completely peeled off or most of them are peeled off, the tea plantation shall be promptly carried on; (2) For the tea plantations where the xylem and phloem of the base of the tea tree have not yet been separated, but the tea plantation with a relatively obvious cracked wound should be sprayed with fungicides in time, such as carbendazim and thiophanate, to prevent wound infection and affect the normal growth of tea plants. 2. Strengthen tea garden management: (1) Pick frozen frozen shoots in time to promote the germination of adventitious buds in the next stage. (2) Increase foliar fertilizer, increase the germination speed and density of buds, and increase tea yield. Can choose to concentrate chelated tracery amino acid 1000 times, tea quick-acting germicide 1000 times, "Dr. Lu" 1 300-fold or urea 1% + 0.5% dipotassium phosphate. (3) Increase organic fertilizer. In early May, 100 kg/mu of organic fertilizer was added to enhance the resilience of tea plants.

Urine Analyzer

Urine analyzer is an automated instrument for determining certain chemical components in urine. It is an important tool for automated urine inspection in medical laboratories. This instrument has the advantages of simple and fast operation. However, improper use of urine analyzers and many intermediate links and influencing factors directly affect the accuracy of automated analysis results, which will not only cause errors in experimental results, but even delay diagnosis. Therefore, operators are required to understand the principles, performance and precautions of automated instruments. And the knowledge of influencing factors and other aspects are fully understood, and the correct use of automated instruments can make the results obtained by the urine analyzer more reliable and accurate.
application
In the 1950s, a single dry chemical test strip method was used to measure protein and glucose in urine, and the changes in the color of the test strip were observed with the naked eye and compared with the standard plate to obtain the corresponding values. In the 1980s, due to the high development and widespread use of computer technology, automated urine analyzers also developed rapidly, gradually developing from semi-automatic to fully-automated. Urine analyzers are often divided into two categories according to the test items: â‘  8-11 screening combined urine test strips mainly used for newly diagnosed patients and health examinations. The eight test items included protein, glucose, PH, ketone bodies, bilirubin, urobilinogen, red blood cells (occult blood) and nitrite; in addition to the above eight tests, urine leukocyte test was added to the nine test items. On the basis of 9 of the 10 urine analyzer testing items, the urine specific density test was added. 11 testing items have added vitamin C testing. â‘¡It is mainly used for the observation of the curative effect of the diagnosed diseases, such as the combination test strip of PH, protein and occult blood (red blood cells) for kidney disease; the combination test strip of PH, sugar and ketone body for diabetes; the combination of bilirubin and urobilinogen for liver disease test tape.
principle
This type of instrument is generally controlled by a microcomputer, and the color change on the test strip is measured semi-quantitatively by using a spherical integrator to receive dual-wavelength reflected light. There are several reagent pads containing various reagents on the reagent strip, each of which reacts independently with the corresponding components in the urine, and displays different colors. The depth of the color is proportional to a certain component in the urine, and there is another in the reagent strip" Compensation pad", as the urine background color, compensates for the errors caused by colored urine and instrument changes.
Put the reagent strip with urine adsorbed in the colorimetric tank of the instrument, and the various reagent pads that have produced chemical reactions on the reagent strip are illuminated by the light source, and the reflected light is received by the spherical analyzer, and the photocell of the spherical analyzer is reflected. Irradiate with dual-wavelength light (measurement light passing through the filter and a reference light), and the selection of each wavelength is determined by the detection item.
The instrument automatically calculates the reflectance according to the following formula, and then compares it with the standard curve, and automatically finds and prints the corresponding results of various components. If the content of a certain component in the urine is high, the reflected light of the corresponding reagent pad is dark, otherwise it is strong.
Reflectance fraction: R(%)=Tm.Cs/TsCm×100%
In the formula, R(%) is the reflectivity; Tm is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the measurement wavelength; Ts is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the reference wavelength; Cm is the reflection intensity of the calibration pad to the measurement defect length; Cs is the calibration pair. Reflection intensity at the reference wavelength.

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