Cottonseed cakes and rapeseed cakes are commonly used feed ingredients for livestock and poultry, but they contain toxic substances. Feeding them directly to livestock and poultry can easily cause poisoning. Here are a few simple virus-free methods for farmers' reference. I. Method of detoxification of cottonseed cake The toxic substances in cottonseed cake mainly include gossypol and cyclopropene fatty acids. Gossypol has a chronic toxic effect on nerve cells, blood vessels, liver and kidney, etc., and enters the digestive tract, often causing gastroenteritis. It also has significant effects on the reproductive performance of livestock. Therefore, detoxification should be done before using cottonseed cake as feed. The treatment method is as follows: 1. Detoxication of Ferrous Sulfate The cottonseed cake is soaked with a 0.1% aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate for 24 hours, rinsed with fresh water, and mixed in the feed. 2, detoxification method lime water with 2-3% lime water soaked cotton seed cake for 24 hours, and then filter out the water, and rinse off the lime water, you can mix the detoxified cotton cake into the drink or dried spare. 3, heat treatment 1 boiling method. Add cottonseed cake to water and boil it for 1-2 hours. If you add 10-15% bran or flour at the same time, the effect is better. 2 steam detoxification method. The cottonseed cake was moistened with water and steamed for 1 hour. 3 dry heat method. Put the cottonseed cake into the pan for 1-2 hours. To prevent the poisoning of cottonseed cake, do not add more than 15% to the feed. Dairy cows do not exceed 1.5 kg per day. Breeding animals, young animals and pregnant animals do not feed cottonseed cakes. Second, rapeseed cake detoxification method rapeseed cake in the main toxic substances are mustard oil and oxazolidinone. Mustard oil often causes gastroenteritis, bronchitis and nephritis in livestock. Oxazolidinone leads to goiter. The amount of toxic substances in rapeseed cake varies greatly depending on the type of rapeseed, variety, method of processing oil and fat, and sulfur content in soil. The methods of rapeseed cake detoxification are mainly the following: 1. Water immersion disinfection method: soak the crushed rapeseed cake with hot water for 12-24 hours, then filter out the water, and add water to boil for 1-2 hours. Stir and stir to make the toxins evaporate. 2. Ammonia water or alkali treatment method Use 5 parts of concentrated ammonia (containing 28% of ammonia) or 5 parts of soda ash powder for every 100 pieces of rapeseed cake, dilute with appropriate amount of clean water, and evenly spray on the crushed rapeseed cake powder. After stacking plastic paper for 3-5 hours, it is then steamed for 40-50 minutes. The processed rapeseed cake can be directly fed to cattle, dried or fried and stored for later use. 3. The pit detoxification method buries the rapeseed cake in a soil pit with a volume of about one cubic meter. Two months later, most of the toxic substances in the rapeseed cake can be detoxified.
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