Silage can retain the original nutrients of green feed, and it can effectively kill the harmful parasites and microorganisms in the anaerobic fermentation process of lactic acid bacteria. It is the best for grass animals such as cattle and sheep when they are absent in winter and spring. High quality fodder source. At the same time, because its production process is simple and easy to learn, it is very popular among farmers. However, in order to produce high-quality silage, it is necessary to master some scientific production techniques.
Early maintenance of silage facilities and processing equipment
Before suppressing silage, it is necessary to carefully examine the sealing conditions of the silage facilities such as silages and silage plastic bags. If there is any damage, repair it in time to avoid silting failure due to leakage after storage. At the same time, it is necessary to carefully overhaul and debug the safe operation of silage materials processing equipment such as sedum, and promptly add lubricant to the transmission parts, and grind or replace the rake blades and tighten the loose screws so as to avoid processing equipment. "Failed" operation and accidental safety accident or affect the silage process.
Use high quality silage materials
High-quality silage materials are the basis for producing high-quality silage. Therefore, when using crop by-products such as corn stalks and sweet potato vines, grain yield should be ensured while harvesting should be carried out at the best harvesting period so as to reduce the loss of various nutrients in silage materials. If there are conditions, it is best to plant high-quality grasses such as Sorghum grass and silage corn to produce high-quality silage materials.
Choose to be done in fine weather
When suppressing silage, we should avoid rainy weather as much as possible to facilitate the orderly development of various tasks such as harvesting, processing, and suppression of silage feed.
Maintain the cleanliness of the environment and raw materials
Transport tools, processing sites, and silage facilities should be cleaned, silage materials must be removed from the mud and debris and other debris.
Maintain appropriate moisture for silage materials
In order to ensure the success of silage, the moisture content of silage materials should be controlled at 65%-70%. If the water content is too low, the silage material will not be easy to compact and cause moldy mildew. If the moisture content is too high, the loss of sugar in the raw material will be exacerbated, and the breeding of lactic acid bacteria will be unfavorable and silage will be difficult to succeed. Simplified method for determining the moisture content of silage raw materials: Take a piece of silage in the hand and clench tightly. If there are small droplets in the fingertips, the water content is more than 75%; if it is slightly damp, the water content is 65%-75%; if not Humidity shows that the water content is less than 65%. Therefore, when the water content is too small, an appropriate amount of water may be added to the chopped silage raw material, and when the water content is high, the air may be appropriately dried.
Chopped length should be suitable
The mincing length of the silage is 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm, which is unfavorable to the compaction of silage, and it may affect the rumen digestion of cattle and sheep.
Maintain the proper sugar content of silage materials
The storage quality of silage is related to the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria. The growth of lactic acid bacteria requires certain sugars to be classified as nutrients. Therefore, the silage must contain certain sugars, which is generally not less than 1% to 1.5% of the weight of fresh raw materials. Corn stems, leaves, ears and potato vines contain enough sugars and are easily silaged. However, for example, alfalfa and other legumes, potato seedlings, peanut vines, and other sugars that are low in sugar content should not be siled separately, and must be mixed with other silages with high sugar content, or added with 5%-l0% rice bran or wheat bran, To increase the content of sugar.
Silage stockpiles to be quickly
The first is to be shipped with you, with you, with the cellar, and try to fill the day. The second is to step-by-step loading and step-by-step pressing and compaction. Each time the smashed silage is loaded with 20 cm or so, it must be compacted before it is compacted. The installation must pay particular attention to the compaction of the cellar walls. In the four corners, the air in the silage is removed as much as possible to quickly form a large anaerobic state to facilitate the propagation of lactic acid bacteria.
Strict sealing
When pressed into the silo, the silage is 10 cm to 20 cm higher than the pit after filling, making it appear high in the middle and low in the perimeter. Then, according to the size of the pit, cover it with a plastic film, and then press it with a layer of 40-cm-thick sand. Pay attention to compacting the plastic film around the cellar and corners to ensure that the silage is well sealed. status.
Strengthen post-storage management
After the filling and sealing of the silage is completed, management shall be strengthened to prevent its destruction by livestock, poultry, rodents, birds, etc. If damage, leakage or poor sealing is found, it shall be repaired in time to prevent the secondary fermentation of silage and spoilage. .
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