The summer pruning of apple trees has a significant effect on accelerating the cultivation of fruit trees, especially for slow flowering and increasing fruit set.
The effect of time-cutting in summer is influenced by the time of pruning. Sometimes missed proper pruning time will have adverse effects. For example, in twisting the tip, it must be carried out when the base of the new shoot is semi-lignified, otherwise the new tip will be broken. For another example, in order to increase the fruit setting rate, girdling should be carried out at the flowering stage or before flowering, and the effect of missing this period is not obvious and it will result in drop and fruit drop.
In general, objects should only be applied to saplings, wangshu, michi, wangzhi, or vigorously growing varieties. For example, girdling should only be applied on the auxiliary branches, temporary branch or biennial branches of Wangshu, or It is applied on the tree of the year to promote flower bud differentiation and lay the foundation for the results of the Jubilee.
Pull-pull branches are generally carried out before the flower buds are differentiated, ie, in mid-to-late June. The time is appropriate at noon, because noon branches are soft, tough, and not easily broken. Pullups generally open branches with angles less than 60 degrees to 80-90 degrees.
The tip of the tip of the twisted tip is the strong base of the branch, and the thickness of the base is 2-5 cm. It is appropriate to rotate the tip 180 degrees. Twist later the base is easy to pull out new upright branches, to promptly wipe buds or dredged.
The method of girdling and girdling is to peel the bark off at the base of the strong phlegm branch, and the width is determined according to the growth of the tree, the thickness of the twigs, and the principle of healing in one month after stripping. Under normal circumstances, the depth to xylem is appropriate. If the ring is cut twice, it should be 5-10 cm apart.
Topping the apple tree in the same year to implement topping or continuous topping techniques is an important technical link in the management of fruit tree growth. 1 Topping time: It is appropriate to use mid-May, mid-July and mid-September. 2 Topping objects: Those born on the back, back and back of the mother branch, and branches that do not stop for a long period of time. 3 Topping method: First pick up the young tip, then remove the top 3-5 leaves, and retain the petiole. 4 Topping effect: After topping the leaves, the top will not reappear. The first and second leaves left after leaving the leaves will increase the accumulation of nutrients and allow most of the leaf buds to form high-quality flower buds.
The sparse straggling is the elimination of branches, competition branches, erect branches, and densely crowded branches that grow on the trees in August and September to save nutrients, improve light, and promote the growth of the remaining buds. .
Short cuts and short cuts are generally appropriate in mid-July, and short cuts are mainly used to cut off the shoots on the side branches near the top of the annual shoots and the new shoots on the back. The new shoots that are drawn from the back of the branch and the second branch that germinates after a short cut grow vigorously should be removed from the base.
Scrape is generally used for young trees, which are usually carried out once a year. The time is appropriate from early July to early August. The method is: using a bud graft knife to cut a smooth section of the trunk, cut the cortex through the xylem. Then divide the tangent line into 2-3 cm wide segments, and then cut the incisions with lengths of about 5 cm into the xylem with each knife. Then separate each of the cortex and restore it to the original position. Finally, a plastic film is used to protect the scraping ring.
Avoiding loosening or trimming in pruning will result in wound formation. If the wound heals slowly, apple rot disease and other diseases can easily occur. Therefore, when sparse branches are to be prevented, a large amount of wounds will be created by removing too much one time, and care should be taken not to leave the short piles. They should be removed from the base to prevent the wounds from healing. Caused a large number of budding shoots in latent buds. The resulting wound was coated with a protective agent and the wound was wound to wrap around the film.
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