When young parents are confused about the safety of baby formula, reports of arsenic in baby food add to the unease. According to domestic media reports on April 12 from some foreign institutions, "some of the best-selling baby foods contain arsenic, a toxic substance," such as "1.7 micrograms of arsenic for breakfast cereals." "If infants eat rice paste twice a day, arsenic Inhalation 50 times more than breast milk."
Most people's impression of arsenic is that Pan Jinlian's arsenic poisoning and killing Wu Dalang. People talk about the toxicity of certain substances and often take arsenic for comparison. In fact, arsenic is widely present in nature, in the form of "inorganic arsenic" and "organic arsenic." The toxicity of organic arsenic is negligible, so generally the toxicity of arsenic is concerned with inorganic arsenic.
Arsenic does not mean insecurity
Arsenic is not an element that the human body needs. In addition to acute poisoning when ingested in large quantities, a small amount of long-term intake can also cause cancer risk. But in the waters of nature, there will be more or less arsenic. However, rice will have arsenic enrichment during its growth. Therefore, rice is an important source of inorganic arsenic in foods that contain trace elements daily. In other words, "safe rice" is not "absolutely free of arsenic" rice, but only "rice with arsenic levels below a certain safety limit."
According to scientific experimental data, the World Health Organization has established a “safe upper limit†for inorganic arsenic: no more than 2 micrograms per kilogram of body weight per day. The so-called "safety cap" means that no abnormality is observed when the intake is below this value. Exceeding this limit, there may be some exceptions.
According to this "safe upper limit of intake", some countries will establish rice safety standards. For example, Chinese rice requires no more than 150 micrograms of inorganic arsenic per kilogram. [1] A 75 kg person can eat 150 micrograms of arsenic per day without any adverse reaction, which is equivalent to one kilogram of rice with just a passing amount of inorganic arsenic. In Europe and America, because rice is not their staple food, there are no safety standards.
Is arsenic in milk powder safe?
Baby rice flour comes from rice. It is not surprising that it contains arsenic. According to the WHO's safety ceiling, a 10-kg infant has a maximum safety limit of 20 micrograms arsenic per day. The upper limit of arsenic content in China's “Food Standard for Supplementary Cereals for Children and Young Children†(GB10769-2010)[2] is 300 micrograms per kilogram (algae-added product). According to this upper limit, infants of 10 kilograms can eat 67 grams per day. Rice flour (without excessive intake of arsenic). Obviously, normal infants will not eat this amount, so experts from the Ministry of Health believe that there is no basis for the current safety standards to be revised.
Although people in Europe and the United States do not eat rice as their main food, the earliest complementary food for their infants is usually rice flour. This is because rice flour is mainly carbohydrate, digestible and almost no record of allergies. In 2008, “Environmental Pollution†magazine published a paper by a British scientist [3] that measured the arsenic content in the main brand of baby rice flour in the local area. Among the 17 samples, the lowest level was 60 micrograms per kilogram, the highest was 160 micrograms, and the median was 110 micrograms. They pointed out that 35% of the 17 samples exceeded the safety standards for Chinese rice (ie, 150 micrograms of rice per kilogram instead of 300 micrograms per kilogram of baby food supplement) and should be taken seriously. Interestingly, "organic rice flour" does not mean that arsenic levels are low. The purpose of this study is to arouse the community’s concern about the arsenic content in baby rice noodles, but it is not to say that “arsenic in rice flour†cannot be eaten.
Looking back at the report, it is clear that "baby foods contain toxic substances such as arsenic" is not worth a fuss. The previous baby food was not "no arsenic" but "no arsenic detected." In the key specific content, an unclear “1.7 micrograms arsenic for breakfast cereal†was reported, not saying how many cereals contain 1.7 micrograms. One kilogram contains 1.7 micrograms in 1 gram, which has a qualitative difference. In fact, even if it is not 1 kilogram, but "a" cereal contains 1.7 micrograms of arsenic, it is still quite safe. As for taking "two rice cereal intakes" compared with breast milk, it is even more baffling. Rice paste is not used to replace breastmilk, but the key question is how "the intake of two rice cereals" is compared with the safe ceiling, not how it compares to breastmilk.
In fact, the U.S. Environmental Agency (EPA) believes that the high risk of arsenic ingested by infants and young children is not food, but water and soil. Many groundwater and other "natural waters" contain relatively high concentrations of arsenic, and some areas also contain relatively more arsenic. Even in qualified drinking water, there may be considerable levels of inorganic arsenic. In the United States, the safe limit for arsenic in drinking water is 10 micrograms per liter. If this kind of water is used to flush baby milk powder, there are several micrograms of arsenic ingested according to the usual amount of several hundred milliliters per day, which is a very important part. Therefore, in the United States, it is generally recommended to use special baby water.
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