The price of scallions is soaring. How do you fertilize the winter scallions? The use of chemical fertilizers for scallions depends on the method, because if the rain is high and the humidity is high, the scallions are easily infected with root rot, soft rot, gray mold, etc., if the damage is serious, if When planting shallots in summer, use bio-fertilizer as base fertilizer, 150-200 kg per mu, spread the biological fertilizer evenly on the land where the shallots are to be planted, and then plow the plough to make the biological fertilizer and the soil fully and evenly contact. Plant it later.
After the scallions are planted, every 15 to 20 days, the roots will be drenched once with 1500 times of the aqueous solution of the biological fertilizer, or 300 times of the root of the biological bacteria fertilizer, continuously drenched 3 to 5 times, each time per acre 2500 ~ 3000 kg, evenly drenched in the soil around the roots of the chives plant. In this way, the shallot will not be damaged by root rot, gray mold, soft rot and root-worm, no rotten roots and dead seedlings, green leaves, good growth and high yield.
The principle of fertilization: adhere to the full-flavoured organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, base fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing, multi-component compound fertilizer, and do the field, look at the seedlings as appropriate.
Re-application of base fertilizer: 2000-3000 kg of decomposed organic high-quality fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, and 25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer of 45 kg per mu, for uniform mixing and fertilization.
Timely topdressing: After the seedlings, 10 kg of urea per mu is used to apply the seedling fertilizer; in the peak of the glutinous period, 10 kg of urea per mus + 20 yuan of compound fertilizer is applied to the sorghum fertilizer; the bulb is swollen with potassium sulfate per mu. 20 kg of fertilizer should be applied to the swollen fertilizer. The top dressing must be combined with irrigation. If possible, apply the cleaned manure water as much as possible to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer applied.
The chives are unique in taste and rich in nutrients. It is not only a must-have vegetable and condiment for our family, but also one of the vegetable varieties that China exports to foreign exchange. The chives are adaptable, short in growth period, not susceptible to pests and diseases, and easy to cultivate. Although the yield per mu is only about 1,000 kg, the economic benefits are high. This program introduces the cultivation techniques of chives.
Shallot cultivation technology
The scallions are planted in the open season in the spring and autumn seasons; the protected areas can be planted all year round in summer; the shade nets can be planted in summer. It is generally harvested 60-80 days after sowing, and can be harvested 30 days after transplanting.
First, the choice of chives planting fields
The land should be selected to be flat, the soil should be free from pollution or harmless treatment, drainage and irrigation are convenient, the tillage layer is deep, the structure is suitable, and the physicochemical property is good. The sandy loam or loam is suitable, and the soil organic matter content should be above 1.5%, PH value. Between 6.0 and 7.0. It is not suitable for planting in sand land, and it needs a balanced supply of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. It is not possible to apply nitrogen fertilizer alone.
Second, the cultivation management measures of shallot
1. Selection of varieties of chives grown:
The scallions are grown in a variety of high-yield, high-yield, yellow-skinned (or red-skinned) scallions, which are exchanged in different places. For example, the variety of purple scent is good, and it is better to use small scallions and chives.
2, onion treatment technology:
Onion species require full bulbs, no mechanical damage, no pests, no mildew, first separate the bulbs one by one, remove the weak bulbs, and sown according to size. Before sowing, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution can be soaked for 5-10 minutes, then removed and dried for drying or 35% of Rydore WP can be used for seeding after 0.3% of onion. .
3. Fertilization technology for scallions:
Whether it is sowing seedlings or transplanting plots, it is necessary to finely plan the ground and apply enough base fertilizer. Apply 3,000 kilograms of decomposed and finely divided organic fertilizer per mu, or more than 1000 kilograms of chicken manure after puffing and extruding; make a 1.5-meter-wide, 8-10-meter-long compartment, and make the ground in the summer and low-lying and easy to be grounded. -20 cm sorghum, surrounded by drainage ditch.
Seeding and seedlings are carried out by means of striping or spreading. The spacing between the strips is 10 cm and the soil is covered by 1.5-2 cm. The seed is 2-4 kg per mu. To prevent the damage of underground pests, the sulphur is mixed with sulphur and sieved in the bed before planting. In the face, you can also use the wheat bran mixed with the scent of trichlorfon to make a poison bait. Sprinkle it on the seedbed after sowing in the evening and pour the bottom of the water.
4, chives planting technology:
It is generally used for 2-3 years without land planting of onion and garlic vegetables. If the second year is continuous, 100 kilograms of lime should be sterilized per acre. Colonize after sunburning. Slightly sandy red soil is most suitable for cultivation of scallions. Generally, the width of the stalk is 1.5 meters and the rows are 9-10 rows. The distance between the holes is 15 cm and 2 holes per hole.
The plant is better to be deeply planted, but not more than 5 cm, which can increase the length of the onion and increase the yield and quality. Due to the heavy rain in the summer, the soil is easy to knot. If the planting is too deep, the permeability of the bottom rhizosphere is poor, which will cause poor growth and even white rot. If it is planted shallowly, although it is early, the roots are green and the commodity is slightly poor.
5, chives transplanted and planted: 40-50 days after sowing can be transplanted, every 8-10 plants a hole, line spacing 12-20 cm, the hole spacing 8-10 cm, should be shallow should not be deep, to 4-6 cm It is advisable to plant water in a timely manner. It can also be harvested directly after planting without transplanting.
6. Field management after planting shallots:
1) Planting water on the day of the planting of the shallots, and pouring the seedling water once after 7-10 days. The root system of scallions is underdeveloped, the distribution is shallow, and the water absorption capacity of the roots is weak. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the small water and dip irrigation during drought, which is both drought-proof and stain-proof. After the survival, you can fill the horse water at 4 o'clock in the morning on sunny days. Therefore, the temperature of the water and soil is the same, and the water in the ditch has basically dried up after the sun comes out. If the water is poured at noon, the temperature difference between soil and water is large, not only easy to burn roots, but also easy to induce a variety of diseases.
2) Two days after the weeding of the shallots, 60 grams of fruit per acre can be sprayed, or 33% of the weeding emulsifiable concentrate per 100 acres of water can be sprayed with water. When using herbicides, it should be noted that when the temperature is high or the soil moisture is high, the amount of herbicide is low, the temperature is low or the soil is dry, then the dosage can be appropriately increased. Generally, the temperature above 309C cannot be used, otherwise it will cause phytotoxicity. Because the roots of the scallions are few, the weeding of the loose soil is easy to damage the roots, so the application of herbicides is more common.
3) Picking up the scallions and picking up the urea or manure water fertilizer on the rainy day, should be applied less frequently, and the thin fertilizer should be applied diligently. If there is no rain after applying urea, spray the drip irrigation facility or spray water with a kettle to avoid burning the plants.
4) Management of shallot field management Before and after emergence and after transplanting, the soil should not be dry, suitable for small water, watering, seedling 1-3 leaf stage and transplanting seedlings to control watering, cultivating loose soil 1-2 times to promote root system Growing, usually watering once every 7-10 days.
If the application of base fertilizer is less, or the harvesting period is too long, it is necessary to topdress 1-2 times, apply 300 kg of composted chicken manure per acre, sprinkle it in the row and timely cultivate, such as open hole application effect is better. The roots should be 1-2 times later. In summer, the temperature is high and the light is strong.
Third, the prevention and control of shallot pests
The main pests of the shallot are the onion horse and the beet armyworm, and the control onion horse can be sprayed with 33% water to kill chlorine 500 times liquid or 20% good winter 1000-2000 times liquid. By July to August, it is best to control young beet armyworms with 20% rice suspension suspending agent 1000 times in the evening.
Because beet armyworm is 3-4 years old, its food intake is greatly increased, and it will penetrate the onion tube and enter the onion tube to feed the skin, leaving a large area of ​​leaf hole overnight, plus the surface of the shallot with wax Powder, the liquid is not easy to stain, so the use of pesticides has little effect.
When using pesticides, an equal amount or a half amount of anti-reaction liquid should be added, but the best method is to use black light to trap adult insects, and the daily reduction rate of insects can reach about 70%. The disease of shallots is gray mold and disease, and the commonly used agents are 800 times solution of anti-dry spirit and 600 times solution of 64% acaricidal wettable powder. The specific production is mainly based on prevention, and the removal of quicklime when cultivating the land can effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. (Zhengdao Fertilizer Network)
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