The pigeon meat is delicate and delicious, with high protein and low fat. The pigeon contains more than 17 kinds of amino acids, the total amino acid is as high as 53.9, and contains more than 10 kinds of trace elements and vitamins. It is an advanced nourishing and nutritious product. Meat pigeons have the characteristics of low breeding cost and strong adaptability, which are suitable for family farming. In this issue, we introduce a group of artificial meat pigeon breeding techniques for farmers' reference.
Breeder selection
One of the quality choices is body size. According to different varieties, choose to stay in line with the body type, appearance characteristics of retained for species use; second is the body. The eyes are divine, the iridescence is clear, the plumage is shiny, the wings and feet are not deformed, which conforms to the characteristics of this breed; the third is the fertility. The production of eggs is large and the individuals have large weights. Generally, 16 to 18 grams of eggs have a high fertilization rate, a good hatching rate, which is in line with the number of litters produced in this breed. Fourth, they are strong in physique, tame, have good breast-feeding performance, and are strong in protection and disease resistance. Strong.
Pedigree selection usually records detailed records of the origin and properties of good breeders and establishes a pedigree profile. When selecting a general survey of the three generations, but mainly should be based on the parent generation.
In addition to considering the above two selection methods, the descendants choose descendants to perform the necessary comprehensive comparison. Generally, the descendants are determined by the quality, so as to determine whether the individual is left for species use. The quality of the descendants is the best evidence for judging the breeding value of the breeder. Especially for the low heritability traits, only the descendants can accurately estimate the heredity. The determination of descendants is mostly used in breeding units. For the living pigeons cannot provide the measurement traits or recessive traits that cannot be shown by the cocks, it can only provide judgment basis through the determination of descendants. The disadvantage is that it takes a long time to complete, and it requires a huge amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources. Sometimes it is difficult to achieve high-intensity choice because there are not many individuals who have the conditions to participate in descendants.
Breeding breeder
The young pigeons gradually began to pair at the age of 5 months. They matured at the age of 6 months, and most of the main wings of the pigeons changed to the last one. At this time, they were basically transferred to the breeding period.
The laying of eggs is started 8 to 10 days after the pre-laying preparations. At this time, the eggs should be put on cages or transferred to the nests with egg nests. The nests should be prepared and covered with a piece of linen. So as not to break the egg. Check whether there are loopholes in the cage to prevent cats, dogs, snakes and rats from being disturbed or exposed to wind and rain, causing unnecessary losses.
Before laying eggs, manage the production eggs and check whether there are deformed eggs and broken eggs in time. After discovering, remove them timely. Observe whether the nests are fixed and whether they are concentrated in the central bottom of the nest.
The new spouse should observe whether or not they often jump and jump and fight each other, causing them to break their eggs. For large size pigeons, special care must be taken to prevent crushing of eggs and to prevent eggs being eaten due to incomplete nutrition or bad pigeons. According to the time, according to the eggs, timely treatment of bad guys, the absence of refined eggs, dead eggs and embryos should be promptly removed to prevent egg odor, affecting the normal development of eggs and production of pigeon health. It was found that the reasons for not being lean and dead embryos should be identified and the management system should be improved.
If the combined eggs are double-hatched and one egg is left or two eggs are left, one should combine the eggs at the same time for double hatching to increase productivity.
Egg nests should be kept warm and clean, and double egg nests should be prepared. When the young pigeons are 12 days old, they should be placed in a nest again. At this time, the breeding pigeons will begin to produce the second nest egg and produce it in about 15 days.
Breeding management
Paired 5- to 7-month-old meat pigeons begin to mature. The incubation period for egg production can be as long as 7 to 8 years, but the economical use period is about 5 years. Meat pigeon breeding has natural pairing and forced pairing. The forced pairing method is to force the male and female pigeons into the cage according to the mating plan, which can prevent inbreeding. After the dubbing, the feet are placed in the pigeon cage of the breeding loft. Generally, the old cocks or hens are paired with young hens or cocks, and their descendants have better genetic quality.
The first action of the pigeons after successful nesting is nesting. General cocks to title the grass, but also by the owner of the nest in advance; plastic cage can be set up when the nest basin, plus a sack of sheets. The cocks began to severely restrict the movement of the hens, or closely followed the hens, and stopped tracking until the second pigeon eggs were produced.
Before the official mating, the pigeons have some courtship behaviors. The common pigeons are more active. They show head and neck elongation, neck feathers are firm, the airbags in the neck are inflated, the tail feathers are fanned, and the heads are frequently nodded, giving out “咕, å’•â€. The voice followed the hens, and the hens were the center of the game. Or the hens as the center, the laps were drawn and the hens gradually approached. If the hen is willing, the head will be close to the neck of the cock, and sometimes it will be a little warm to eat from the cocks. After some chasing, teasing, flirting, and closeness, they will be copulated.
Egg production usually produces two eggs per litter. The first one is produced in the afternoon or evening of the first day, and the production is stopped the next day. The second egg is produced at noon on the third day.
Hatching and hatching begins after the laying of eggs, and the male and female pigeons take turns to hatch eggs. The cocks replaced the hens at about 10 am to eat and drink, and then the incubators were then incubated at about 2 pm until they were taken over by the public pigeons in the morning of the second day. The hatching period is calculated from the day of the second egg production. The egg can be removed once on the 5th and 10th day of hatching. The lean, dead and broken eggs are removed. The general incubation period is 18 days.
Record the date of pairing, the date of egg production, the number of fertilized eggs, the date of hatching, the number of hatches, and other records for each pigeon field.
Pigeon breeding management
From the hatching to the 28-day-old pigeons, the pigeons are collectively called young birds. In some areas, they are called new-borns from birth to 10 days old, and young pigeons are called from 10 to 20 days old.
Two hours after the hatchlings hatched, the pro-pigeons started to blow their cubs and milk with the quail. The pro-pigeon started to feed the pigeon's milk again in 2 hours. At this time, the young pigeons are of weak quality and are prone to death. We must strengthen management. . The first thing to do is to observe carefully and be careful to avoid being trapped or frozen by the breeding pigeons. If young pigeons are still not able to eat the pigeon's milk within 5-6 hours of birth, look for the reason in time and if necessary, feed the young pigeons with artificial pigeon milk. When the pro-pigeon is found to be breast-feeding, he can find the same breeders in the same period and avoid some of the pro-birds from feeding single pigeons and increase production capacity.
After 3 to 4 days of age, the young pigeon's eyes slowly opened and the body gradually became stronger. The body's feathers began to grow, and the amount of food gradually increased and the digestive power increased. At this time, the pro-pigeons need to frequently feed young pigeons, sometimes as many as ten times a day, so the amount of feed for the pro pigeons should be sufficient, and the nutrition should be rich to meet their nutritional needs. At this time, the youngster's defecate volume increases, and it is easy to contaminate the nests. Every day, the cloth and bedding should be replaced in time to avoid disease.
When the young pigeons are 10 days old, the new feathers grow a lot and can move themselves. The incubation time of the pigeons for the young pigeons is shortened, and the pigeons fed to the food from the pigeons are also converted into semi-particulate feeds. There are a few pigeons that are not fully adapted and often suffer from indigestion and vesiculitis. The yeast tablets should be fed in time. Or stomach medicine to help digestion.
When the young pigeons are 15 days old, their plumage is basically long and they can move freely. They can grab the nests and spread a 2020 cm piece of cloth inside the cage so that it can adapt slowly and do not twist the feet. At this time, the pro-feeder feeds pellets in the same shape as the feed they eat, and most of the pro-pigeons have started to lay eggs and have no intention of feeding young pigeons. Artificial feeding should be strengthened during this period.
After 20 days of age, young pigeons are full of feathers and can move around in cages, but they cannot fully feed their own food. They still feed on their pro birds, but they can actively ask their parents for food. At this time, the pigeons will force it to eat. Eat independently. At this time, management should be strengthened to increase the supply of high-protein feed to meet the needs of young pigeons. The young pigeons can grow up to 500-750 grams when they are 25 to 28 days old and can be sold (the pigeons at this time are called pigeons).
Old bird breeding management
The pigeons are separated from their nests until their colonies at the age of 28 days. It is advisable for the conditional farms to have a “three constantsâ€: feeding in place, feeding by the original breeders, and keeping the original feed unchanged. This can promote the normal growth and development of young pigeons. The young birds within 2 months of age are difficult to feed because they are fed from the pigeons to an independent life. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the feeding and management, pay attention to the heat preservation, ventilation, strengthen the management of the health care sand and the nutrient supply of the feed, and increase the disease resistance of the organism. Its normal growth and development. At this time, we must do a "three look and three check": "Three look" is to look at the dynamics, to see the appetite, to see the feces; "three check" is to check whether to eat feed, check whether it is too crowded, check whether the bite injury. For those who can't eat feed, they can be fed separately, timely care for biting injuries, aggressively kept alone, and crowded can be raised in groups. At the age of 2 months, the young pigeons began to moult, and the protein feed in the feed should be increased appropriately to promote feather renewal. Can be added in the feed 5 hemp seed, health sand added Andrographis or Gentian and other traditional Chinese medicines, drinking water in a planned way to add a small amount of antibiotics to prevent respiratory disease and paratyphoid fever. During this period, special attention should be paid to the hygiene of cages and food and drinking equipment and washing and disinfection should be done on time. At the age of 3 to 4 months, the secondary sexual characteristics of the young pigeons began to appear and their ability to move was becoming stronger. At this time, they should be selected and eliminated, males and females should be kept separately, or be paired by force, and the pigeons should be sterilized. To ensure its normal growth and development.
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