The major diseases in the field of loofah include virus disease, downy mildew, and powdery mildew.
1? Loofah virus disease: Loofah virus disease can be transmitted through aphids, agricultural operations and sweat contact.
symptom
The susceptible leaves showed pale green and dark green and faded green ring spots. The old leaves showed yellow ring spots or yellow-green leaves. The leaf veins twitched and the leaves twisted and twisted. The brown green lesions on the leaves. When the disease is severe, the leaves become hard and brittle, the edges of the leaves become deep and the dead spots are produced in the later period.
Occurrence
The main damage to young leaves of loofah is caused by multiple viruses. Cucumber mosaic virus and tobacco ringspot virus invade the host more. The virus can overwinter on many weeds, and spring locusts spread the virus to loofahs. The occurrence of locusts in that year was serious, and the occurrence of loofah virus disease was heavy.
Control methods
Planting base fertilizer before planting, appropriate application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, timely eradication of field and surrounding weeds, topping, remove the diseased plants when the power is used, after contact with the diseased plants, wash hands with soapy water and then contact the health strains. (1) Select resistant varieties. (2) Cultivate disease-free strong seedlings and appropriate early planting; (3) Prevent and control aphids in time; (4) Apply 20% virus A warming powder 500 times liquid and 5% bacteria water clearing agent 500 times early in the disease; Can be used 15% Zhilingling 1000 times, agricultural streptomycin 300-400 times spray
2, Loofah downy mildew: It is spread through the wind and rain from the neighboring diseased leaves, and the incidence of heavy rain or humidity is high.
Symptoms mainly harm the leaves, and irregular chlorotic spots appear on the front of the leaves first and then expand into polygonal yellow-brown lesions. When the humidity is high, the back of the lesion grows a layer of purplish black mold, which is later contiguous and causes the leaves to die.
The law of occurrence Melon downy mildew is a kind of fungal disease. The pathogenic bacteria overwinter on the diseased leaves, and the initial infection and re-infestation with the spread of wind, the melon period is rainy and rainy or the field humidity is high, and the disease is severe.
Control methods
Select disease-resistant varieties to strengthen field management. (1) For agricultural control, choose high-dwelling and well-drained fields; (2) Apply 72% DuPont Kelu 400-600 times, 75% Chlorothalonil 400-600 times, etc. at the beginning of the disease; 50% can also be used. A cream of copper 600 times or 70% mancozeb 800 times, 70% thiophanate 800-900 times sprayed every 10 days, even spray 3-4 times.
3, loofah powdery mildew: Loofah powdery mildew spread by air or rain spread, repeated re-infection. It is more conducive to spread of germs under conditions of low humidity and even drought
Symptoms mainly damage the leaves of loofah and their petioles are also affected. In the early stage of disease, white powder spots were formed on the leaves. In severe cases, the entire leaf surface was covered with a layer of white powder, and later leaves became yellow and dry.
Occurrence
The pathogens wintered on the sick and they began to infect at the beginning of the second spring. During the growing season, a large amount of powdery spores are produced on the lesions, which can be caused by wind and rain, and can continue to cause reinfection.
Control methods
After the autumn harvest, the field sicknesses were completely cleared and burned. In the end of June, a 1:1:200 Bordeaux solution was sprayed for prevention. In early July, 25% of chlorpromazine 500 times was sprayed every 5-8 days. Continuous control 2-3 times.
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