Amaranth root is one of the most troublesome problems for vegetable farmers who grow amaranth. Once it occurs, it will greatly reduce the quality and yield of amaranth. To understand how to control the roots of amaranth, we must first understand their living habits and how to prevent them.
First, the symptoms of harm
There are two main types of root mites in the leeks: one is the larvae of the genus onion, also known as the onion, garlic, and belongs to the order Diptera, Flower Fly.
The other type is the larva of the leeks of the leeks, also known as cockroaches, which belong to the order Diptera, the eyelid cockroach. Among these two roots, the damage to the leek is the most serious. Both of these pests are bred by the larvae accumulating in the bulbs and soft stems of the lower part of the leek, causing the leaves of the leek to be thin, yellow and wilting, and even ruined when severe. In the cultivation of leeks in solar greenhouses or greenhouses, these two mites can occur and harm throughout the year, and the most serious damage is from December to February of the following year.
Second, the morphological characteristics of two pests
1. Onion flies
Adults are small flies with a body length of about 4.5-6 mm, gray to grayish yellow; larvae are scorpion-like, milky white, and mature larvae are 9-10 mm long.
2, late eye mosquitoes
Adults are small mosquitoes with a body length of about 3-5 mm and a dark brown color. The larvae are slender, cylindrical, milky white, hard at the head, black in color, and shiny. The mature larvae are about 7 mm long.
Third, life habits
Take the case of severe late eye mosquitoes in the amaranth field: adults prefer to move in the damp and weak light environment, and the flight time is mostly in the morning, while in the afternoon and evening, they inhabit the soil gap in the field. In addition, adults have a strong tendency to humus, yellow and sweet and sour taste. After mating, the females lay eggs at the seams of the soil, the base of the plant and the gap of the amaranth sheath.
The larvae mainly feed on underground activities. However, the newly hatched larvae first spread horizontally, which was harmful to the leaf sheath and young stem of the leek plant, causing the young stem to rot and the leaves to be yellow. Then the larva turns to the lower part of the rhizome of the leek plant, causing the plant to become dwarf and soft, withered and yellow, and the base of the stem is rotted, and even the whole leek is dead.
Fourth, prevention and treatment methods
Although the two kinds of pests of onion and fly are different, the morphology, size and living habits of the larvae are basically the same, and the control methods are basically the same. Specific prevention measures recommended:
1. Agricultural control
Apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer and achieve uniform application to reduce the chance of adult eggs. After the leek is harvested, the fields are cleaned up in time to reduce the insect source in the soil and reduce the harm of the lower amaranth.
2, physical control
During the adult period of the roots, a yellow plate can be set in the field to trap the adult, and pay attention to timely replacement. Sugar, vinegar, wine, water can also be used to prepare sweet and sour traps to trap adults in a ratio of 3:3:1:10.
3. Chemical control.
(1) Prevention and treatment of adults
In the adult period, 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate or 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution, or 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times solution, or 20% cyanogen? marathon emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times solution, etc. Spray while active.
(2) Controlling larvae
In the field larvae, 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times, or 48% simian emulsifiable concentrate (2000), or 75% chlorpyrifos WP 5000 times, or 80% trichlorfon Soluble powder 1000 times solution, or 1.8% avermectin EC 2000 times solution, or 1.1% matrine powder 500 times solution, or 50% phoxim EC 800 times solution mixed with Bacillus thuringiensis emulsion 400 times solution root. Before rooting, first open the topsoil of the roots of the leek, remove the water-spraying piece of the sprayer nozzle, spray the roots of the leek, and then cover the soil. It can also be used with 2kg of 5% phoxim granules per acre, mixed with 20kg of fine sand and sprinkled on the roots before covering the soil.
For example, if the amaranth planting area is large and the labor is tight, the method of watering with water can also be used, but the amount of the agent used, such as phoxim, should be doubled, and it is best to prepare the mother liquor first, then use the water at the mouth of the leek. water.
The above prevention and treatment methods are generally performed once every 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row. However, the medication should be at least 10 days away from the leek harvesting period to ensure safe eating.
The above is the prevention and control of the roots of the leeks in the solar greenhouse. I hope that the farmers who have the needs can help.
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