First, establish a barrier zone and do a good job in field planning
A separation zone of 8m to 10m is established between the organic spinach base and conventional production sites to ensure that the organic plots are not contaminated.
Second, species selection
The export of spinach is not required to be black after blanching and its color is green. At present, the best-performing variety is Hong Kong Doli Brand All-Round Spinach. This variety has wide adaptability, rapid growth, and high yield. It is characterized by plant type erection, leaf hypertrophy, and dark green color, and is very popular among Japanese merchants. In addition, there are optional good varieties of East Lake, pioneers and so on.
Third, the planting season
According to the environmental conditions and production and processing requirements of spinach growth and development, the appropriate sowing date for spinach is determined. In Shandong, the specific spinach sowing season and sowing date are:
(a) wintering spinach. Timely early sowing, to ensure that the seedlings before the winter there is an appropriate number of leaves (5 -6), so that plants safely overwinter, to achieve early harvest purposes. The optimum sowing time is in late September.
(b) buried spinach. To sprout
Seeds in the soil overwintering, the next spring sprout growth, following the winter after the spinach harvest, the most suitable sowing date is in late November.
(c) Spring spinach. When the soil 5cm ground temperature 4 °C -6 °C, after thawing, began to sowing (Top Ling sowing), although the spring sowing rate is large, but should be timely sowing, the most appropriate sowing date is early March.
(D) summer spinach. The shortest period of growth in the whole year. At this time the temperature is high, the increase of the leaf area is limited, the later sowing, the lower the weight of individual plants, so the sowing date of summer spinach should not be earlier in this range, the appropriate sowing date is in late May.
(E) Autumn spinach. After the beginning of autumn, the temperature began to gradually decrease. At this time, the temperature was conducive to the differentiation of the leaf primordium. The temperature from the emergence to the harvest was most suitable for the increase of leaf area and leaf weight. For this reason, the weight of individual plants of autumn spinach is the heaviest in the whole year, and it has the greatest potential for yield increase. The suitable sowing date is from late August to early September.
Fourth, planting technology
(a) Land preparation. Avoid spinach cultivation of spinach should be selected leguminous vegetables, melon vegetables, tomatoes, green peppers and other mouthwash planting, requiring soil water retention, fertility and fertility. 4000 kg of organic fertilizer was used as the base fertilizer per acre before soil preparation. Deep plowing 25cm-30cm, flattening, flat planting, length and width of flat rakes for ease of management as the standard.
(b) sowing. Suitable spinach planting density: spacing 20cm, plant spacing 8cm-10cm, to ensure that the seedling is complete, when the sowing temperature is high, germination can be sowing, in addition, sowing soil should not be too deep, should cover about 1.5cm is appropriate. If the soil is dry, it can be poured in small water after sowing.
V. Field Management
Pre-winter management should be strengthened for overwintering spinach, and multiple cropping of loose soil should be conducted to promote the growth of the root system. It is required that the plants have 5-6 leaves for safe wintering. Due to the long growing period of overwintering spinach, it is timely to top-dressing and watering when returning green, and top quality organic fertilizer is 500kg per mu. Ye Wang long enough water supply.
For the autumn spinach, seedling management should be strengthened. After the emergence of autumn spinach, the temperature is relatively high. If the seedlings are too dense, the lower leaves become yellowish and rot. At the same time, the temperature at the late growth stage is suitable for plant growth, and the single plant needs a large area for nutrition, so the planting density is not too large. In addition, the temperature during the early period of growth of autumn spinach is relatively high, and it should be taken with a small amount of ground water to meet the needs of water supply but also to properly reduce the temperature, promote seedling growth, and achieve high yields.
Sixth, harvest
Spinach should be harvested in a timely manner. Early harvest, low yield; late harvest, lower leaves yellow or decay, thereby reducing production. Should be in accordance with the harvest season, optimistic about the growth of spinach timely harvest. General requirements of plant height 25cm-35cm, leaves no lesions, wormholes, yellow heart, yellow leaves, rotten leaves, fresh green, spinach processing exports should be harvested according to the acquisition unit proposed harvesting standards.
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