First, reproduce
1. The selection of breeders is the same as the selection of other breeders. Breeding farms can select breeds with characteristics of ornamental breeds and breeds based on their records and pedigrees or their appearance. It is generally divided into 3 times. For the first time at 8 weeks of age, chicks with complete appearance, good growth and development, and average body weight are reserved for species use. The second time before the start of production, the excellent individuals will be selected again in combination with grouping and group transfer. The third time when the breeder is about to stop production, he will be selected for the second year based on his egg production rate, appearance and physiological characteristics.
2. Breeding
1 Natural mating.
a. Large group breeding. In a certain number of hen populations, young and adult cocks are proportioned, so that each male and female hen has the opportunity to freely mate. Although this method has a high fertility rate, it cannot determine the parents of the chicks, so it is only suitable for breeding grounds and is not suitable for breeding farms.
b. Small group breeding. Also called single breeding. One coop and 10 hens were placed in a chicken house, and a self-occlusion nest was used. When used for breeding, blood relationships can be accurately recorded.
c. Rotation breeding. One breeding house rotates using 2-3 cocks. The method was to take the first rooster in a single room and take it out after 2 weeks of breeding. After the first day of the third week, the cock was inseminated on the last day of the third week. The hens were inseminated every 2 days after the 2nd day. Put the second cock. The eggs obtained in the first 3 weeks are the offspring of the first rooster. The eggs of the first three days before the fourth week were mixed eggs and were not used for breeding. They were the offspring of the second rooster from the fourth day. This method is suitable for the determination of roosters or the establishment of family lines.
d. Small colony breeding and breeding methods. The breeding cage is 1 meter wide, 2 meters long, 70 centimeters high and 60 centimeters high. Place the cage on a metal stand in a single row or double row. 20-24 hens were placed in each cage. Male and female hens were raised in groups and freely mated.
2 artificial insemination. The use of artificial insemination technology can improve the utilization rate of breeder roosters, reduce the cost of breeding males and reduce the spread of diseases. Harvesting cups, collecting tubes, inseminators, insulation cups and appliance boxes are used for cleaning and disinfection. The semen is massaged and operated by two people. Insemination was also performed by two people. One person caught a chicken and turned anal, one entered semen, and each received 0.025 ml of the original semen. When the egg production rate of the breeding hens exceeds 70%, the insemination begins. After 2 consecutive days, the eggs are collected every other day, and they are inseminated once every 5 days.
The proportion of 3 kinds of chickens. The proportion of natural male and female hens should be 1:10-12, and the short short silky chicken should be 1:8-10, and artificial insemination should be 1:30-40.
The useful life of four kinds of chickens. After the hens are laid, the egg production in the first egg production year is the highest, the second egg production year is reduced by 15%-20%, and the third egg production year is decreased by 15%-20%. Due to the low egg production of ornamental black bone chickens, compulsory moulting is often implemented after 1 year of use, and then reused for 1 year. For particularly good breeders, use for 3-4 years.
3. Hatching
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