The greening period of wheat is a key period for spring tillering and forming new roots in spring. If it is not properly managed, it will easily lead to the contradiction between above-ground growth and underground growth, and the contradiction between effective tillering and ineffective tillering, which will affect the robust growth of wheat seedlings. In order to cultivate strong seedlings, we should focus on conservation and warming, supplemented by fertilization. The main target: promote winter sputum, increase spring sputum, promote roots, control wang, ensure sufficient effective number of panicles, achieve the purpose of large spikes and large grains, and lay a good foundation for high yield and high yield.
The main target of the seedling management re-greening period is to promote the combination of control and cultivation of strong stalks. 1 For the strong seedlings with a total stem number of 700,000/667 square meters before winter, the main control is to control and control the combination. The key is to loosen the soil, increase the temperature and ensure the heat, increase the effective tillering, and reduce the effective tillering. 2 For the medium seedlings with a total stem number of 50-700,000/667 square meters before winter, the insufficient total number of stems before winter and insufficient number of spikes are the main reasons for the yield.
The key measure is to keep the winter and increase the number of springs, grab the number of spikes, and timely recover the green fertilizer, pour back the green water, and try to get more spikes. 3 For the field where the planting is late, the soil fertility is poor and the bottom fertilizer is insufficient or the wheat seedling has been damaged by freezing, the weak seedlings with the total stem number below 500,000/667 square meters, timely irrigation, appropriate application of green fertilizer, and strive for early spring tillering, promote The wheat seedlings are rapidly transformed.
Field management measures
1, spring
Spring is able to loosen the soil, improve the ground temperature, promote roots and strong, and eliminate weeds. Our district is mostly in early April. Spring must guarantee quality, otherwise it will not play its due role. In order to ensure the quality of spring sorghum, it is generally appropriate to start the whitish whit when the surface begins to bloom in the spring, and the premature sputum is not broken, and the clods are dried up too late. The suitable tool for the depression is iron T-shaped enamel, which is 3 to 4 cm deep. Wicker-woven wicker plaques are placed behind the shovel to improve the soil and clearing effect and improve the quality of the shovel.
2, irrigation
When the temperature of 5 cm is stable and passed above 5 °C, the wheat field can be fully frozen and then water can be poured. Generally, the water is poured in the middle and late April; combined with irrigation, 10 to 15 kilograms of urea is applied per 667 square meters, and the second water is poured at intervals of 8 to 12 days, and the urea is replenished according to the seedling stage before the second water or the third water. The total amount of topdressing of 667 square meters is 20-30 kg.
3, control weeds
The wheat field is mainly dicotyledon weeds. To use chemical weeding, we must master the following three points:
1 According to local conditions, herbicides have been proven for many years. In addition to wheat-specific herbicides, such as thrips and mammoths (mainly controlling monocotyledonous weeds, such as foxtail, valerian, wild oats, etc.), herbicides suitable for use in wheat fields are mainly There are 2,4-D butyl ester and dimethyltetrachloride, which mainly control dicotyledonous weeds, such as: Cyclobalanopsis, Ash, Amaranth, etc.
They have their own advantages: Dimethyltetrachloride has low temperature requirements, no drifting, and it is not easy to injure surrounding dicotyledonous crops such as safflower, melons and certain trees. However, the amount of herbicide is not satisfactory compared with 2,4-D butyl ester. 2,4-D butyl ester has higher temperature requirements, generally 15 ° C or more effect, but with drifting, easy to damage the surrounding dicotyledonous crops with wind, good grass killing effect. Can be selected according to the actual situation.
2 grasp the timing of spraying the best time for chemical weeding in winter wheat fields before the wheat seedlings, the best period to control weeds in the 2 to 4 leaf stage, because at this time, winter weeds and early spring weeds are not large, late spring weeds It is still small and tender, and the liquid can function normally and the effect is obvious. If the medicine is sprayed after jointing, because the weeds are large, the effect of killing grass is not good, and it is easy to cause phytotoxicity of crops.
3 Use the dosage to control the dicotyledon weed: 667 square meters with 200-300 grams of dimethyl tetrachloride, spray 30 kg of water; or use 60-100 grams of 2,4-D butyl ester, 30 kg of leaf spray on water .
667 square meters with a Hummer 40 ~ 50 ml, or with a mammoth 60 ~ 70 ml, spray 30 kg of water on the leaf surface, to prevent monocotyledon weeds.
When the broadleaf weeds in the wheat field are mixed with the grass weeds, the thrips can be mixed with 2,4-D butyl or dimethyl tetrachloride to achieve the purpose of controlling the single and double cotyled weeds once, and increasing the thrips. The dosage is 70-80 ml for 667 square meters.
How to apply fertilization in the field management of winter wheat in 2016/2017? The spraying dose depends on the temperature and the weeds, but not excessive, otherwise it will cause phytotoxicity. No matter which dose is used, it should be sprayed evenly according to the topography and wind direction. Generally, the medicine is sprayed in the evening. At this time, the physiological absorption of the plant is the strongest, the effect is remarkable, and the herbicidal effect is good.
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