The budding period (late February to early March)
Major farming
1, top dressing; 2, irrigation; 3, prevention of freezing injury; 4, pest control; 5, finishing frame, tied vines
Operation points
â— Top-dressing fertilizer is mainly compound fertilizer or fruit tree-specific fertilizer. The young tree strain is applied with 0.2-0.3 kg. The result is that the tree strain is applied with 0.5-1 kg. It can be applied in the form of strip, radial or whole garden, and the fruit fertilizer should not be added. Large amount.
â— Irrigation should be carried out promptly after fertilization. No irrigation conditions in the orchard are subject to loosing soil and tree cover.
â— To prevent freezing injury, spraying frozen agents, smoking smoke, irrigation before budding and other methods can reduce the freezing injury.
â— The whole park sprayed 3~5 Baume degree lime sulfur agent to clean the garden once to eliminate overwintering pests and diseases. For the lesions of ulcers, smear can be applied with 20% propiconazole 200-300 times +72% agricultural streptomycin 10 million units.
â— Check the column and wire, distribute the vines evenly on the plane and bind them.
Injury period (mid-to-late March)
Major farming
1. Pest control; 2. Construction of gardens; 3. High-risk species
Operation points
â— The ground fine spray insecticide treatment: the root rot disease tree with 25% propiconazole 3000 ~ 4000 times + 200 ~ 300 times the mixture of sea spirits stimulant irrigation control. Injury early examination of ulcer disease, the diseased tree, diseased branches can be used copper bacteria 500 to 700 times, spray 1 or 2 times, interval 7 to 10 days.
â— Garden construction: Digging pits 70 cm square by row spacing 4 or 3 meters or 3 meters 3 meters, applying 30 to 40 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer or 0.25 to 0.5 kg of kiwifruit special fertilizer for each hole, mixed with soil, and planted rhizomes after planting After exposing the ground to a depth of 5 to 10 centimeters and watering, the roots and stems are close to the surface. Currently promoted varieties are Hayward, Xu Xiang, etc., and can also be paired with Hongyang etc. The ratio of male to female plants is 8:1.
â— High grafting and grafting: Grafting trees are required to retain 5 to 8 grafted mother twigs during winter cutting, and all other twigs are cut off. High grafting and grafting are performed from late March to mid-April, and the grafting site is selected from 15 to 20 under the shelf. Centimeters to the northwest. 1 to 3 years old mother shoots were single-buded, abdominal joints were used, and mother buds of more than 4 years old were single-branched under the skin (keep the grafted skin intact), and when the graft was fine, tongue-jointing or splicing was used. Grafting and nursery were carried out during the same period.
Leaf stage (mid-April mid-April)
Major farming
1, in addition to sprouting buds; 2, pest control; 3, to prevent freezing damage
Operation points
â— Remove buds on trunks and rootstocks, wipe out double buds and 3 buds, leave only 1 strong bud, and pay attention to eradicating weak buds, over dense buds, and pests and buds.
â— Occurrence of root-knot nematode orchards, timely use of 20% butylthiocarbamate 300 times, or 300 times the use of chlorpyrifos irritation root control 1 time.
â— In some areas, there is frost damage; spray anti-freeze; second, pay attention to increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, spray 500 to 800 times of phosphorus and potassium source library, enhance the nutrient and stress resistance of the tree; third, fill the garden in early spring.
Shooting period (late April to early May)
Major farming
1, top dressing; 2, summer cut; 3, pest control; 4, intercropping grass; 5, field management.
Operation points
â— Spray organic potassium fertilizer 500 times + Phosphorus and Potassium sources based on tree potential foliar to prevent frost and promote flower bud development. When the tree vigor is weak, 1 kg of urea is reclaimed.
â— When the new shoot grows to about 80 cm, the apparent growth tends to sparse upright shoots, leaving the result branch with 5-8 leaves at the top of the result. When the vegetative branch reaches 80 cm, it will be picked up and the branches will be evenly distributed. A rate of 30% achieves high light efficiency.
â— Spray insecticide and fungicide mixture before flowering, Kung Fu, Le Siben, matrine, BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) emulsion, hyperthyroidism, flash sharp, insect killing, etc. Bao, agricultural anti-120, Dasheng, Antai, carbendazim, etc., insecticide optional 1 to 2 species. Prevention of leaf yellowing, optional sea elf biostimulant to root.
â— In the areas where conditions are suitable, weeds should be planted in orchards. Red and white clover are suitable for weed varieties. Rapeseed can also be used.
â— Newly planted saplings are equipped with pillars to tie new and delicate branches and windbreaks.
Flowering period (mid-late and late May)
Major farming
1. Pollination; 2. Fruit thinning; 3. Pruning; 4. Pest control
Operation points
â— Pollination. The orchards with sufficient male plants, large amounts of flowers, and flowering periods meet with male and female flowers to pollinate the flowers. An orchard with insufficient flowering period, insufficient number of male plants and poor flowering climate must be pollinated artificially. Male pollen should be collected before sufficient pollen. The pollen should be transferred to female stigma manually or mechanically every other day at the flowering stage of the female plant. Female plants should be pollinated at flowering stage. 3 times.
â— Thinning of fruit begins about 7 days after flowering to eliminate pests, fruit and fruits. Only the center fruit is retained, and the high-quality fruit with good shape is retained, leaving no single fruit. The long fruiting branches left 3 to 4 branches per fruit, the middle fruit branches left 2 to 3, and the short fruit branches left 1 to 2. The arbuscular branches were removed from the base without leaving fruit. Strive to complete the set in a week.
â— Sparse and useless shoots: The thin shoots grow to 80 centimeters to pick up the heart; 5 days after flowering, they are cut thinly to reduce the useless branches and keep the orchard airy and transparent. Timely tie the vines and adjust the branches evenly on the shelf.
â— It is forbidden to use insecticides at flowering time, and to manually kill beetles and other pests. The fungicide can be selected for easy protection, Shigao, Dasheng, Nongkang 120, Antai, etc. to prevent flower rot and gray mold.
Fruit enlargement period (June to August)
Major farming
1, summer shear; 2, bagging; 3, pest control; 4, top dressing
Operation points
â— From the middle of May, the relatively weak development leaves 2 to 3 leaves topping; the long development branch leaves 7 to 9 leaves topping; the legged branches leave 2 to 3 leaves topping; note that the top of the tip after picking the heart 1~2 The bud shoots new shoots and rejuvenates repeatedly. The results of the branch topping, left as the result of the next year's mother branch, from the fruit of the seventh to the eighth leaf above the heart; not left as the result of the mother branch, from the first one fruit to leave one or two leaves topping, the leaf to fruit ratio should be maintained At 6~8:1.
â— Fruit bagging: In early June, 45 to 50 days after flowering, the fruit is sprayed once with insecticide, fungicides, and calcium fertilizer, and the fruits on the shelf surface are developed with good appearance and fruit on the drooping branch. And the fruit can not bagging. The fruit bag should be made of wood pulp paper bags with a specification of 1216 cm and a vent at the bottom.
◠During the period from June to July, attention should be paid to the control of pests such as small salamanders, stink bugs, and leafhoppers. Kungfu, BT emulsions, and Lössbau can be used as medicines. Orchard with root rot disease, timely fruit thinning and reasonable load, with 25% propiconazole + sea elves biological stimulants 200 ~ 300 times to deal with the roots, but also play a role in promoting roots and strengthening roots. From July to August, the whole garden sprayed a bactericidal agent to control ulcer disease, brown spot disease, etc., and can use Shigao, Xiansheng, and Nongkang 120.
â— Apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary fertilizer 0.5-0.6 kg/strain or diammonium 0.3 kg/strain + potassium chloride 0.5 kg/strain during fruit enlargement period, apply by spraying or radiation, mix with soil after application. Depth 30 centimeters or so. Can spray sea elf bio-stimulant leaf type 2 to 3 times, interval 7 to 10 days.
â— Prevention and treatment of yellowing: Irrigation with sea elves biological irritant 200 to 300 times to prevent physiological yellowing.
â— Pay attention to drainage in rainy or rainy seasons. When dry, cut grass or grass to cover the tree plate. It is also possible to improve the ability of livestock and water conservation by increasing the organic fertilizer and increasing soil porosity, and timely watering to prevent wilting of leaves. Fruits in the sinus area are easy to burn on a daily basis and covered with leaves or hay to prevent it from burning on a daily basis.
Mature period (mid-late September)
Major farming
1, summer shear; 2, pest control; 3, clean up the fruit bank; 4, picking fruit
Operation points
â— Remove stale branches, branches and branches, thin and weak branches and dense branches in a timely manner, open the light path, maintain ventilation and light transmission, and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the tree; continue to rejuvenate the growing branches and promote their maturity.
â— Immediately after fruit picking, the orchard is sprayed with 500-700 times of copper thiazolyl and 500-800 times of phosphoric acid source pool to prevent the invasion of ulcer bacteria, delay leaf senescence, and increase photosynthesis.
â— To disinfect the storage warehouse, 100 cubic meters shall be sterilized with 1 to 1.5 kilograms of sulfur + sawdust fumigation or 0.5% potassium permanganate solution.
◠timely harvesting, early maturing varieties of Arab soluble solids reached 7%, Qiongxiang 6.5% can be harvested, from late September to early October, Qin Mei soluble solids 7%, Hayward, Golden incense 6.5% Harvestable. Take care when picking and put it into storage. Pre-cooling before storage for 24 hours, the temperature gradually decreased, the library temperature dropped to 0 ~ 2 °C, the pre-cooled fruit storage, according to the classification of stacking, keeping the same temperature.
Deciduous period (late October to late November)
Major farming
1. Autumn cutting; 2. Autumn fertilizer; 3. Pest control; 4. Garden construction
Operation points
â— Continue to eliminate stubborn branches, branches and branches, thin and weak branches, and dense branches, and timely rejuvenation of 3 or 4 secondary shoots to improve fruit tree storage and nutrition.
â— Apply timely fertilization according to tree vigor, tree age, yield, etc., apply 3,000 to 5,000 kg of organic fertilizer to Mushi, 80 to 100 kg of special fertilizer for fruit tree or 150 kg of compound fertilizer, and apply 20 kg of sea elves' biological stimulant for root application. Into the appropriate. After the application, plunge 20-30 centimeters deep so as not to hurt the big roots.
â— Treatment of lesions and removal of worm eggs (such as the maggot eggs, larvae, etc.).
◠Pay attention to inspection, removal of rotten fruit, wounded fruit, pests and diseases, storage temperature is maintained to 0 ~ 1 °C. After regular inspections, problems will be dealt with in a timely manner.
â— The seedlings can be built before they are parked until they are frozen.
Dormancy period (late December to early February)
Major farming
1. White coating; 2. Winter irrigation; 3. Winter pruning; 4. Sand scion; 5. Pest control
Operation points
â— Scraping old rough skin, whitening the whole tree trunk. Whitening agent formula: 10 parts of water, 2 parts of quicklime, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of solid lime sulfur, or 25 grams of sulphur powder.
â— Master 1 winter garden irrigation during the day and night.
â— According to the age, density and other reasonable pruning, to cultivate high quality and stable production of tree shape. Many main trunks were added for single mainframes, and two main vines were cultivated in the opposite direction along each line. The main vines were directly bearing the resulting main branches. During winter pruning, the main vines are separated by 20 to 30 centimeters to select a robust branch or fruiting branch, and the resulting shoots are cut at the full shoots. Per square meter (nutrition area) left 1.5 to 1.8 results of the mother branch, completely eliminate pests and branches, thin and thin branches, leggy branches, damaged branches, dry branches and the results of the results of the branches.
â— Scion collection and sand collection, scion cut into 5 to 6 buds, a bundle of 10 each, buried in the cool wet sand, the humidity in the sand into a group, let loose, anhydrous leaching is the most appropriate. Sand logistics inspection to prevent mildew or drain.
â— Clean out the cut branches, diseased leaves and debris and bring them out of the park and burn or bury them deeply.
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