Broad bean disease prevention and control, in addition to selection of disease-resistant varieties, reasonable close planting and pruning, improved ventilation and light transmission conditions, do a good job of drought prevention and drainage, reduce field moisture, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and enhance the disease resistance of broad beans, the prevention and control of pesticides is necessary of. The following are the occurrence of major diseases and methods of pharmaceutical control: 1. Rust. Is a basidiomycotina subphylum fungal disease, is a widespread disease in the broad bean producing area. In cold regions, the incidence is light, and the incidence in warm, hot and humid areas is heavier. Early sowing is an important factor leading to the epidemic. The whole plant of broad beans can be affected. Vicia faba seedling stage rust occurs on the main stem. Early sowing of broad bean to remove the main stem may delay flowering for 6-7 days, which can not only reduce frost damage, but also reduce the source of rust disease before winter. Removal of the main stem improves the microclimate in the field and slows the development of disease or disease. In the early stage of disease, Bomi 0.5-degree lime sulfur can be sprayed uniformly at a rate of 70-100 kg/mu, 15% triadimefon 50 g, and 50-60 kg water, with a dose of 40-60 kg/mu. Spray 2-3 times in a row, 7-10 days apart.
Second, red spot disease. Ascomycete subphylum fungal disease. Poorly populated plots or low-potassium fields are more likely to occur, such as more rain and more rapid onset of humidity. The main damage to the leaves, serious stems, flowers, larvae also have lesions. Available 64% antivirus, 69% metalaxyl manganese zinc and other agents, optional one 800 times spray, re-spray once every 15 days, continuous spraying about 3 times, can greatly reduce the disease.
Third, wilt disease. It is a fungus-like pathogen of subphylum fungi. There are mainly black root lesions, short main roots, less lateral roots, yellowish leaf color, plants showing wilting, and top stems and leaves wilting. The roots of broad beans are rotted, the aboveground parts are short, the leaves are pale, and the buds are easy to drop, which has a great impact on the yield. The occurrence of wilt disease has a great relationship with climatic conditions. There are many rainy days in the spring and May to March, with heavy rainfall, high air humidity, and lack of light, which can easily lead to widespread infection. Take precautions against the wilt disease as early as possible. Can be sprayed with 2%-5% lime water at the beginning of the disease; 80% Zeoxin Zinc WP 500 times spray, or 50% carbendazim WP 1000x spray, usually sprayed 2-3 times consecutively. The interval is 5-7 days.
Fourth, brown spot. It is a fungus-like pathogen of subphylum fungi. It is a common disease of broad beans, and mainly damages the leaves, stems, pods and seeds of broad beans. The prevention and control method is mainly to pay attention not to introduce seeds with pathogens. When introduced, seeds should be strictly disinfected; attention should be paid to the removal of diseased plants in the field, combined with deep ploughing to eradicate germs; implement rotation, open drainage ditch, and increase phosphorus and potash fertilizers to promote robust growth of broad bean plants and improve disease resistance. The early stage of the disease can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times, sprayed 2-3 times in succession, every 5-7 days.
Fifth, ring disease. It is a fungus-like pathogen of subphylum fungi. Symptoms are mainly manifested on the leaves. At the beginning of the disease, erythematous and round spots appeared on the leaves and then expanded to 6-15 mm in diameter. The lesions are reddish-brown around the lesion. The center is dark brown with obvious rims and ridges. Soil viscosity, poor drainage, and potassium deficiency in the soil are easily induced. Use 70% thiophanate-methyl, 50% carbendazim 600 times spray. Spray once every 10-15 days and spray 2-3 times.
6. Root rot. It is a fungus-like pathogen of subphylum fungi, which is a kind of disease with high temperature and humidity. It usually occurs at the flowering stage. The main damage to the root and stem base, causing the whole plant withered. When sowing, 50% carbendazim per acre 150g mixed soil cover species; seedlings with 50% carbendazim 1000 times Irrigation root, production period with 50% thiram WP 600 times spray. Spray once every 10 days or so, spray 2-3 times.
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