Release date: 2015-01-08
The purpose of designing a defense against HIV vaccine is to protect individuals from HIV infection. However, in recent years, the design of HIV vaccines has often been counterproductive. It will not help individuals to resist HIV, but will increase the rate of HIV infection. Recently, an article published in the international magazine PNAS In the research paper, researchers from Emory University said that the vaccine may increase the number of immune cells that target the HIV virus. Through the study of non-human primate models of HIV transmission, mucosa is found. Higher levels of virus-targeted immune cells in tissues may be directly related to the high infection rate of HIV.
Researchers say that when we evaluate potential HIV/AIDS vaccines, we may need to deliberately avoid pathways that activate viral-targeted cells in mucosal tissues; one of the reasons why it is difficult to develop AIDS vaccines is that the virus can infect the immune system. Immune cells, and any vaccine works by inducing the immune system.
Most of the researchers' HIV vaccines are focused on developing vaccines that can activate antiviral T cells. T cells are mainly classified into two types according to their surface molecules. CD8 cells are representative of killer T cells, and CD4 cells are Representative of helper cells, CD4+ T cells are well-known targets for HIV and SIV action, and many studies have suggested that CD8+ T cells may be worthy of further study to develop strategies to control HIV infection.
In this study, researchers used five different vaccine combinations encoding SIV proteins to immunize macaques to detect cell-mediated effects of cellular immunity, but only if they did not stimulate the production of neutralizing antibodies in macaques. After 16 hours and 32 hours of rhesus macaque injection, they received two booster injections, followed by repeated injections of low doses of SIV on macaques, once a week, 15 times; in general, this immune system did not inhibit SIV. The infection, but the researchers detected circulating CD8+ T cells in all macaque bodies, and these cells were not associated with inhibition of infection.
Researcher Silvestri said that we found a large number of activated CD4+ T cells in the rectal tissue of infected macaques. This study shows that if this new vaccine combination can induce the production of activated CD4+ T cells, it may be helpful in the future. A new vaccine against HIV infection.
Source: Bio Valley
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